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Objectives: Microcystin (MC) produced during cyanobacterial blooms is a worldwide problem presenting aserious health threats to humans and ecosystems. During July through October of 2013, the Ilwol Reservoirexperienced a high biomass of phytoplankton (maximum 211.7 mg/m3 of Chlorophyll-a) containing thetoxigenic cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. The aim of this study is to analyze MC concentration in the reservoirwater, as well as in representative fish species (Carassius cuvieri, Carassius auratus, Channa argus). We alsoevaluated the human health risk of exposure to MCs accumulated in the fish.
Methods: Concentrations of MCs in the water and fish samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography witha triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: The total levels of four MC variants, including MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR and MC-LA were below theWHO drinking water guideline limit (1 ug MC-LR per liter) both for the dissolved and particulate fractionpresent in the water samples. The mean MC concentrations in the livers of all species were significantly higherthan in the gills (p < 0.01) and muscles (p < 0.05). The values of estimated daily intake of MCs in muscles, theedible part of the fish, would be only 0.005–0.015 μg/kg·day, much lower than WHO’s provisional tolerabledaily intake of 0.04 μg/kg·day.
Conclusion: This study suggests that, owing to the spatial distribution or temporal variation of MC, there is aneed for careful monitoring of cyanotoxin in reservoir water and aquatic animals to protect public health.
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참고문헌 (39)
참고문헌 신청
Barda I / 2015 / Bioaccumulation of hepatotoxins - a considerable risk in the Latvian environment / Environ. Pollut 196:313~320
Chen J / 2005 / Tissue distributions and seasonal dynamics of the hepatotoxic microcystins-LR and -RR in two freshwater shrimps, Palaemonmodestus and Macrobrachiumnipponensis, from a large shallow, eutrophic lake of the subtropical China / Toxicon 45:615~625
Chen J / 2009 / First identification of the hepatotoxic microcystins in the serum of a chronically exposed human population together with indication of hepatocellular damage / Toxicol. Sci 108(1):81~89
Chorus I / 1999 / Toxic cyanobacteria in water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management / E & FN Spon
Draper WM / 2013 / Optimizing LCMS-MS determination of microcystin toxins in natural water and drinking water supplies / Anal. Methods 5:6796~6806
Chen J / 2005 / Tissue distributions and seasonal dynamics of the hepatotoxic microcystins-LR and -RR in two freshwater shrimps, Palaemonmodestus and Macrobrachiumnipponensis, from a large shallow, eutrophic lake of the subtropical China / Toxicon 45:615~625
Chen J / 2009 / First identification of the hepatotoxic microcystins in the serum of a chronically exposed human population together with indication of hepatocellular damage / Toxicol. Sci 108(1):81~89
Chorus I / 1999 / Toxic cyanobacteria in water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management / E & FN Spon
Draper WM / 2013 / Optimizing LCMS-MS determination of microcystin toxins in natural water and drinking water supplies / Anal. Methods 5:6796~6806
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