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Background: Diabetic wounds are a major clinical challenge,because minor skin wounds can lead to chronic,unhealed ulcers and ultimately result in infection, gangrene,or even amputation. Studies on bone marrow derivedmesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and a series of growthfactors have revealed their many benefits for wound healingand regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improvethe environment for BMSC development and differentiation. However, whether combined use of BMSCs and PRP may bemore effective for accelerating diabetic ulcer healingremains unclear. Objective: We investigated the efficacy ofBMSCs and PRP for the repair of refractory wound healing ina diabetic rat model. Methods: Forty-eight rats with diabetesmellitus induced by streptozotocin were divided into fourgroups: treatment with BMSCs plus PRP, BMSCs alone, PRPalone, phosphate buffered saline. The rate of wound closurewas quantified. A histopathological study was conductedregarding wound depth and the skin edge at 7, 14, and 28days after surgery. Results: Wound healing rates weresignificantly higher in the BMSC plus PRP group than in theother groups. The immunohistochemistry results showedthat the expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesionmolecule 1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and transforminggrowth factor-β1 increased significantly in the BMSCplus PRP group compared to the other treatment groups. Onday 7, CD68 expression increased significantly in thewounds of the BMSC plus PRP group, but decreasedmarkedly at day 14 compared to the controls. Conclusion:The combination of BMSCs and PRP aids diabetic woundrepair and regeneration.

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