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Microbial community shifts, associated with performance data, were investigated in ananaerobic batch digester treating high-solid food waste under mesophilic conditions using, acombination of molecular techniques and chemical analysis methods. The batch process wassuccessfully operated with an organic removal efficiency of 44.5% associated with a biogasyield of 0.82 L/g VSremoval. Microbial community structures were examined by denaturing gelgradient electrophoresis. Clostridium and Symbiobacterium organisms were suggested to bemainly responsible for the organic matter catabolism in hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions. The dynamics of archaeal and methanogenic populations were monitored using real-time PCRtargeting 16S rRNA genes. Methanosarcina was the predominant methanogen, suggesting thatthe methanogenesis took place mainly via an aceticlastic pathway. Hydrogenotrophicmethanogens were also supported in high-solid anaerobic digestion of food waste throughsyntrophism with syntrophic bacterium. Microbial community shifts showed good agreementwith the performance parameters in anaerobic digestion, implying the possibility ofdiagnosing a high-solid anaerobic digestion process by monitoring microbial communityshifts. On the other hand, the batch results could be relevant to the start-up period of acontinuous system and could also provide useful information to set up a continuousoperation.

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