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The trehalose (α-D-glucopyranosyl-[1,1]-α-D-MhMTS and MhMTH,encoding a maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MhMTS) and amaltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MhMTH), respectively,have been cloned from the hyperthermophilic archaebacteriumMetallosphaera hakonesis. The ORF of MhMTS is 2,142 bplong, and encodes 713 amino acid residues constituting a83.8 kDa protein. MhMTH is 1,67 bp long, and encodes 558amino acid residues constituting a 63.7 kDa protein. Thededuced amino acid sequences of MhMTS and MhMTHcontain four regions highly conserved for MTSs and three forstarch-hydrolyzing enzymes. Recombinant proteins obtainedby expresing the MhMTS and MhMTH genes in E. colicatalyzed a sequential reaction converting maltooligosaccharidesto produce trehalose. Optimum pH of the MhMTS/MhMTHenzyme reaction was around 5.0 and optimum temperaturewas around 70oC. Trehalose-producing activity of the MhMTS/MhMTH was notably stable, retaing 80% of the activityafter preincubation of the enzyme mixture at 70oC for 48 h,but was gradualy abolished by incubating at above 85oC.α-glucanotransferase increasedthe yield of trehalose production from maltopentaose by 10%.The substrate specificity of the MhMTS/MhMTH-catalyzedreaction was extended to soluble starch, the most abundantmaltodextrin in nature.

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