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Among 46 Acinetobacter baumani isolates collectedin 2004, two imipenem-resistant isolates were obtained fromclinical specimens taken from patients hospitalized in Busan,Republic of Korea. Two carbapenemase-producing isolates werefurther investigated to determine the mechanism of resistance.These isolates were analyzed by antibiotic susceptibility testing,microbiological tests of carbapenemase activity, determinationof pI, transconjugation test, enterobacterial repetitive consensus(ERIC)-PCR, and DNA sequencing. Two cases of infection byA. baumannii producing the IMP-1 β-lactamase were detected.The isolates were characterized by a modified cloverleafsynergy test and EDTA-disk synergy test. Isoelectric focusingof crude bacterial extracts revealed nitrocefin-positive bandsof the amplicons by direct sequencing indicated that the isolatescarried a blaIMP-1 determinant. The isolates were characterized bya multidrug resistance phenotype, including penicilins, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides.These results indicate that the observed imipenem resistanceof two Korean A. baumannii isolates was due to the spreadof an IMP-1-producing clone. Our microbiological test ofcarbapenemase activity is simple to screen clas B metalo-β-lactamase-producing clinical isolates to determine their clinicalthe blaIMP-1 resistance determinant, which is emerging in Korea,may become an emerging therapeutic problem, since cliniciansare advised not to use extended-spectrum cephalosporins,imipenem, and aminoglycosides. This observation emphasizesthe importance of having effective control measures in Asianhospitals, such as early detection of colonized patients,isolation procedures, and a judicious use of antibiotics.

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