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PTEN/MMAC1 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in a variety of advanced and metastatic cancers. Its major function is likely to be the phosphatase activity that regulates the phosphoti-dylinositol (PI)3-kinase/ Akt pathway. On the other proliferation and cell survival via PI3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in many cancer cells. To evaluate effect of PTEN on cell growth and IGF system in gastric cancer, human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (SNU-5 & -216) were transfected with human PTEN cDNA. Those PTEN- transfected gastric cancer cells had a lower pro-liferation rate than the pcDNA3-transfected cells. PTEN overexpression induced a profound decrease in the IGF-II and IGF-IR expression levels, and downregulation of IGF-II expression by PTEN was mediated through the regulation of the IGF-II pro-moter. In addition, a PI3-kinase inhibitor, LY294002, induced the downregulation of IGF-II expression. The PTEN-overexpressing SUN-5 and -216 cells were more sensitive to death induced by etoposide and pcDNA3-transfected cells. These findings suggest that PTEN suppresses the cell growth through modulation of IGF system and sensitizing cancer cells to cell death by anticancer drugs.

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