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Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) constitute afamily of receptor-like, and cytoplasmic enzymes,which catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphoty-rosine residues in a variety of receptors and signal-ing molecules. Together with protein tyrosinekinases (PTKs), PTPs are critically involved in regu-lating many cellular signaling processes. In thisstudy, diverse compounds were screened for PTPinhibition and selectively screened for inhibitorswith the end product inhibition properties. Amongphosphate analogues and their derivatives for PTPinhibition, Keggin compounds phosphomolybdate(PM) and phosphotungstate (PT) strongly inhibitedboth PTP-1B and SHP-1, with Ki values of 0.06-1.2mM in the presence of EDTA. Unlike the vanadiumcompounds, inhibition potencies of PM and PT werenot significantly afected by EDTA. PM and PT werepotent, competitive inhibitors for PTPs, but rela-tively poor inhibitors of Ser/Thr phosphatase. Inter-estingly, PM and PT did not inhibit alkalinephosphatase at all. The crystal structure of PTP-1Bin complex with PM, at 2.0 resolution, reveals thatMoO3, derived from PM by hydrolysis, binds at theactive site. The molybdenium atom of the inhibitor iscoordinated with six ligands: three oxo-ligands, twoapical water molecules and a S atom of the catalyticcysteine residue. In support of the crystallographicfinding, we observed that molybdenium oxides(MoO3, MoO2, and MoO 2Cl2) inhibited PTP-1B withIC50 in the range 5-15 mM.

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