본 연구의 목적은 교육기관과 산업체 간의 산학협력 네트워크 형성 과정과 단계별 성공 요인을 구명하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 문헌 연구, 전문가 면담, 델파이 조사 등을 통해 구안하고 수정・보완한 산학협력 네트워크 형성 과정과 단계별 성공 요인을 최종 구명하기 위하여 대학・고교와 산업체의 산학협력 담당자 1,098명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하여 339부(30.9%)의 설문지를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 산학협력 네트워크 형성 과정은 인식 및 준비(산학협력 인식 및 조직 내 네트워크 준비), 동기화(협력 주체 탐색・결정 및 네트워크 동기화), 구축(네트워크 구축), 운영 및 조정(네트워크 운영 및 조정), 강화 및 확산(네트워크 강화 및 확산)으로 총 5단계로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다.
둘째, 인식 및 준비 단계는 ‘산학협력 필요성 인식 및 공감대 형성’, ‘산학협력 담당자 선정 및 지원’, ‘외부 정보 수집 및 자문’, ‘목표 및 실행 전략 설정’, ‘산학협력 역량 검토’, ‘산학협력 역량 홍보’로 6개의 요인으로 구성된다. 동기화 단계는 ‘잠재적 협력 주체 탐색’, ‘잠재적 협력 주체와의 만남 및 관계 형성’, ‘잠재적 협력 주체와의 상호 이해 및 협력 가능성 검토’로 3개의 요인으로 구성된다. 구축 단계는 ‘산학협력 협의체(의사결정 기구) 구성 및 운영’, ‘조직 구성원의 참여 및 공유’, ‘공동 목표 설정’, ‘자원 교환 설정’, ‘협력 활동(프로그램) 및 협약 내용 설정’으로 5개의 요인으로 구성된다. 운영 및 조정 단계는 ‘협약 이행 및 성과 도출’, ‘산학협력 활동・성과 평가 및 피드백’, ‘공식적인 산학협력 질 관리’, ‘협약 내용 조정 및 협력 유지 여부 결정’으로 4개의 요인으로 구성된다. 강화 및 확산 단계는 ‘지속가능한 산학협력 개선 방안 도출’, ‘산학협력 규범 설정’, ‘산학협력 네트워크 확산’으로 3개의 요인으로 구성된다.
The purposes of this study are to study out the Formation process Of Cooperation NetWork (FoCNW) of educational institutions and businesses, and the success factors required to perform each step of FoCNW.
To achieve these purposes, drafted FoCNW and the success factors in steps of FoCNW were produced through literature review, interviews, delphi method, and verification by experts. And to study out this finally drafted the success factors in steps of FoCNW a survey research was conducted with a group of 1,098 (professors, teachers and workers in charge of cooperation at universities, technical colleges, vocational high schools and businesses which are equipped with a cooperation system), and 339 questionnaires were analyzed.
The major results of the study are as follows.
Firstly, FoCNW is composed of the 5 steps of ‘Perceiving cooperation and Preparing network in an organization’ (P step), ‘searching for and deciding partners and Motivating network’ (M step), ‘Constructing network’ (C step), ‘Operating and adjusting network’ (O step), and ‘strengthening and Diffusing network’ (D step).
Secondly, The success factors in steps of FoCNW are composed of the following 21 factors and 67 sub-factors. The success factors in the P step are composed of the six factors of ‘perceiving necessity of and forming consensus on cooperation’, ‘deciding and supporting the worker in charge of cooperation’, ‘collecting outer information and consulting’, ‘deciding goals and performance strategies’, ‘checking cooperation competency’, and ‘publicizing cooperation competency’, and their 15 sub-factors. The success factors in the M step are composed of the three factors of ‘searching for potential partners’, ‘meeting with and building up relationships with potential partners’, and ‘developing mutual understanding and checking possibility of cooperation with potential partners’, and their 12 sub-factors. The success factors in the C step are composed of the five factors of ‘forming and operating cooperation council (decision-making group)’, ‘participating and sharing of organization members’, ‘setting common goals’, ‘setting resource exchange’, and ‘setting cooperative activities (programs) and contents of agreements’, and their 19 sub-factors. The success factors in the O step are composed of the four factors of ‘fulfilling agreements and drawing outcomes’, ‘evaluating cooperation activities and their outcomes and providing feedback’, ‘managing cooperation quality formally’, and ‘adjusting contents of agreements and deciding whether to maintain cooperation’, and their 12 sub-factors. The success factors in the D step are composed of the three factors of ‘drawing plans for sustainable cooperation improvement’, ‘setting cooperation norms’, and ‘diffusing cooperation network’, and their 9 sub-factors.