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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
대구사학회 대구사학 대구사학 제117권
발행연도
2014.1
수록면
259 - 300 (42page)

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This study analyzes ethnic identity of the Hispanics in the United States from two perspectives: how they are viewed by themselves and the outsiders. The main observations can be summed up as follows. Many Hispanics/Latinos refuse to place themselves in the five standard U.S. racial categories based primarily on skin color and instead identify their race as “some other race” or volunteer “Hispanic/Latino.” They indicate that they feel themselves to be an ethnic group with distinct Spanish cultural heritage. Many Hispanics adopt “situational identities” depending on the circumstances. They most often identify themselves in terms of their or their parents' country of origin, including “Mexican,” “Cuban,” or “Dominican,” followed by pan-ethnic terms of “Hispanic” or “Latino,” and then “American” on first reference. Although the terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” can be used interchangeably, the former is preferred over the latter. Who can be defined as a “Hispanic” or “Latino”? A simple answer is that anyone who says they are. The U.S. Census Bureau uses this simple approach. Demographically and culturally, however, a Hispanic or Latino is categorized not as a member of a racial group based primarily on phenotypic appearances but as a member of a culturally oriented ethnic group that traces its roots to more than 20 Latin American nations. In other words, Hispanics are defined as a distinct ethnic group who share a cultural heritage or a social identity associated with Latin American countries. Therefore, Hispanics in the United States may be characterized by Spanish as a significant and often dominant language and strong belief in Catholicism.

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