In this thesis, were analysed the situation of fishing ground around Dokdo after the liberation and fishermen’s recognition of it. Fishermen from Ulleungdo and the east coast of Korea, being confronted by the bombing of Dokdo by U.S. forces and Japanese disseisin of Dokdo in the chaos of the Korean War, insisted that it was ‘their own ancester’s fishing ground’, instituted a claim for damages suffered to US army military government in Korea, and organized volunteer Dokdo guards against Japanese pillaging act around Dokdo. After the liberation, fishermen living on Ulleungdo and the east coast of Korea knew that Dokdo is Korea's territory. Moreover, even Japanese fishermen having worked in the this fishing ground more than 20 years, testified to the fact that Dokdo was pertaining to Ulleungdo. Consequently, with the end of compulsive occupation of Choson by the imperialist Japan, fishing ground of Dokdo should come under the jurisdiction of Korean government, while there was no conflict around Dokdo under the Japanese regime in Choson. Korean fishermen took a profound interest in Fishery around Dokdo, because in these fishing grounds there was salient for their living Seaweed Fishery, at the same time the best squid fishing grounds. According to the report of US armed forces in Korea, Dokdo fisheries were used by 16,000 fishermen for their living, which is meant to show stately importance of Dokdo. By Fisheries Act of 1953, Dokdo fisheries became attributable to Ulleungdo Fisheries Union, without being subject to this law. Instead, volunteer Dokdo guards hired 50 Jeju women divers to harvest the brown seaweed for their own expenses. In 1956, after the end of the volunteer Dokdo guards’ mission, the common fishery rights of Dokdo was sold by the bidding system until 1964. In 1962, according to the Fisheries Cooperatives Act, Dodong fishery cooperatives were organized. In 1965, Choi Jong-Duck, one of the members of Dodong fishery cooperatives, who decided to live in Dokdo, acquired first-class common fishery rights.