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In this study, author analysed steppe elements in archaeological cultures in the South-western part of China. The correlation with steppe culture could be explained in three ways of migration and trade. This correlation was based on the stock-breeding economy, adopted since 1700 BCE in Tibet Plateau. Since then, migration and interaction routes with steppe regions existed continuously. This correlation was magnified by the expansion of Xiongnu Empire and Wusun to southward and subsequent migration of nomad people in the North-west region to South-west region. Finally, these migrated peoples as sui, gongdu, zuo, which wholly integrated as Di and Qiang were recorded in ancient chinese chronicles as Shiji and Hanshu.
Main steppe routes into Soutn-western part of China divided into 3 ways ; Western route of Saki culture(from Central Asia by ways of Himalaya range), Norther Route from Ganqing region by ways of Zangyi Corridor, and North-eastern crescent shape route as suggested by Dong Eunzhong in the mid 1980’s. As archaeological The existence of steppe style bronzes in Dian culture(or Shizhaishan archaeological culture) was caused by their expansion to western mountainous region and assimilation of these peoples. Like this, Trade and migrations on mountainous regions between Eurasian Steppe, Central Asia has formed more than 3500 years ago, and this kind of trade continued until now in the name of “Ancient Tea Route” in China. Furthemore, same long-distance diffusion of steppe cultures are discussed in Korean archaeology, especially in Silla pediod. Author hopes that the comparative analysis between South-western region of China and Korean peninsula will show new perspectives on the interactions of ancient steppe and sedentary civilizations in East Asia.
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