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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
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한국중국어문학회 중국문학 중국문학 제73권
발행연도
2012.1
수록면
107 - 134 (28page)

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This paper aims to analyze the early Ming society viewed through siyiguan(四夷館), focusing on linguistic and cultural diversity. Generally, We know that Ming dynasty had the characteristics of the nation-state of the Han race, passive foreign exchanges, and tribute system etc. We also know that Ming dynasty had a strong tendency to eliminate the barbarian traits such as Mongolian cultures, thoughts, and language etc in the Yuan dynasty. I in this paper deal with linguistic and cultural circumstances mainly in 14-15th century China. I think that this problem has been overlooked because of above-mentioned general recognition and prejudice, though it was an important key to understand the early Ming society. Siyiguan(四夷館) was established in 1407 by the emperor Yong Le(永樂帝). It was a kind of educational institution to instruct ten national languages like Mogol, Persia, Tibet, India, uigur, Thailand, Myanmar etc. It was principally taken charge of translation and interpretation service for the government. It was established for the purpose of settleing down government-led tribute system instead of restraining civilian exchanges. At the same time it had the object of exterminating heterogeneous Mogolian culture and recovering the homogeneous Han race culture. It accomplished positive role and function to recover the Han race culture and value system during the 15th century, gradually declined since 16th century. It's instructors were engaged among foreign envoys to invite the emperor at the beginning, partly among students to finish the courses later on. Students were approximately one hundred, at first were selected from Imperial Academy(國子監). Later admission qualifications were degraded and expanded to the ordinary people. The educational system was roughly operated with a nine-year cycle. The main textbook was Huayiyiyu(華夷譯語) composed of zizi(雜字) and laiwen(來文). zizi(雜字) was a kind of wordbook, laiwen(來文) was bilingual-written memorials, with which envoys payed a tribute to the emperor. We can find that the early Ming society had the characteristics of the hybridity as viewed through siyiguan(四夷館). Because the cultural and social remnants of Yuan dynasty comprised of the multi-ethnic groups still had continued to influence the early Ming society. Especially Mongolic and Persian language were spread out over a wide area, had influence on Chinese language in terms of vocabulary and thoughts.
#Hybridity #Historical Chinese Language #Mongolic language #the early Ming society #Mogolian Yuan dynasty #Persian language #Translation #Tribute trade #Revivalism #Cultural exchanges #the Han race #Nation state

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참고문헌 신청
中國戱曲硏究院 / 1982 / 中國古典戱曲論著集成 / 中國戱曲出版社 google schola 任萍 / 2007 / 明四夷館中日本館譯語編撰考 / 日本學論壇 (2) google schola 任萍 / 2007 / 記我國最早的飜譯學校―明四夷館考察 / 上海飜譯 (2) google schola 史浩 / 1994 / 尙書講義?卷4 / 上海書店出版社 google schola 向達 / 2007 / 唐代長安與西域文明 / 河北?育出版社 google schola

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