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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of implicit and explicit learning on the performance and learning of a golf putting task in elementary physical education. 36 elementary school student whose ages ranged from 11 to 13 years (M=12.6) participated in this experiment. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: (1) implicit learning group(n=13), (2) explicit control group(n=13), (3) control group(n=13). Subjects performed 40 acquisition trials followed by 20 retention trials. ANOVAs with repeated measures on the last factor were performed on the various dependent variables: absolute error(AE), variable error(VE), directional error(DE), and radial error(RE). The results of this investigation revealed significant main effects for Groups on the absolute error(AE), variable error(VE) and radial error(RE) in the acquisition phase. Participants in the implicit and explicit learning group were significantly better than the control group in the absolute error(AE), variable error(VE) and radial error(RE) in the acquisition phase. And the results of this investigation revealed significant main effects for Groups on the AE and VE in the retention phase. Participants in the implicit group were significantly better than the other groups in the absolute error(AE) and variable error(VE) in the retention phase. The present study suggests that implicit learning may be a more effective than the other groups.
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참고문헌 (25)
참고문헌 신청
Anderson, J. R / 1983 / The Architecture of Cognition / Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Baddeley, A. D / 1994 / When implicit learning fails: Amnesia and the problem of error elimination / Neuropsycholo- gia 32 : 53 ~ 68
Green, T. D / 1991 / Implicit versus explicit learning processes in a probabilistic, continuous fine-motor catching task / Journal of Motor Behavior 23 (4) : 293 ~ 300
Kim, J / 2000 / Minimizing error in error measurement of error: A proposed method for calculation of error in a two-dimensional motor skill / Perceptual and Motor Skills 90
Kirkhart, M. W / 2001 / The nature of declarative andnondeclarative for implicit and explicit learning / The Journal of General Psychology 128 (4) : 447 ~ 461
Baddeley, A. D / 1994 / When implicit learning fails: Amnesia and the problem of error elimination / Neuropsycholo- gia 32 : 53 ~ 68
Green, T. D / 1991 / Implicit versus explicit learning processes in a probabilistic, continuous fine-motor catching task / Journal of Motor Behavior 23 (4) : 293 ~ 300
Kim, J / 2000 / Minimizing error in error measurement of error: A proposed method for calculation of error in a two-dimensional motor skill / Perceptual and Motor Skills 90
Kirkhart, M. W / 2001 / The nature of declarative andnondeclarative for implicit and explicit learning / The Journal of General Psychology 128 (4) : 447 ~ 461
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