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Purpose: Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) medications represent a major advancement in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, these agents are associated with increased risks of tuberculosis (TB) and other seriousinfections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidences of such disease among tertiary hospitals in Korea. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied patients who received anti-TNF-α therapy; we reviewed serious infections including TB that developed within 6 months after initiation of anti-TNF-α therapy. Data concerning patient demographics, types of anti-TNF-α agents, concomitantimmunosuppressive drugs use, and infection details were collected. Results: A total 175 patients treated with infliximab (n=72) or adalimumab (n=103) with the following conditions were enrolled: Crohn’s disease, 34 (19.4%); ulcerative colitis, 20 (11.4%); ankylosing spondylitis, 82 (46.9%); and rheumatoid arthritis, 39 (22.2%). There were 18 cases (6.0%) of serious infections. The most common site of serious infection was the intra-abdomen (n=6), followed by TB (n=3), skin and soft tissue (n=3), bone and joints (n=2), ocular neurons (n=2), lower respiratorytract (n=1), and urinary tract (n=1). Of the 175 patients, only 3 cases showed development of TB. Furthermore, of all those who developed TB, none had taken anti-TB chemoprophylaxis prior to treatment with an anti-TNF agent due to negativescreening results. Conclusion: Serious infections with anti-TNF-α therapy were uncommon among tertiary hospitals in Korea; TB was the second most frequentinfection. Nevertheless, there were no TB reactivations after anti-TB chemoprophylaxis. Accordingly, physicians should be aware of TB in subjects undergoinganti-TNF-α therapy, especially in countries with a high prevalence of TB.

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