Background and Objectives Although benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was treated with particle repositioning maneuver (PRM) with a high success rate, the condition often recurred. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variables for one year recurrence of BPPV recurrence. Subjects and Method Retrospective review was performed for 295 patients diagnosed as BPPV visiting clinic between February 2010 and June 2012. All patients underwent a complete otolaryngologic, audiologic, and neurologic evaluation. The appropriate PRM was performed, depending on the type of BPPV. Patients who received treatment were classified into two groups according to recurrence: a no recurrence group (n=240) and a recurrence group (n=55). Optimal independent variables were determined by using logistic regression analysis with forward stepwise selection. Binary logistic regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, day of symptoms, associated ear disease, involved ear, type of otolith, affected canal and visit of treatment sessions. Results Average follow up time was 12 months. The recurrence rate was 18.6%. Two variables had a statistically significant impact on one year recurrence. The number of visits for treatment sessions was higher in the recurrence group than in the no recurrence group (mean±standard deviation=3.67±2.49 versus 2.44±1.55, p＜0.001). The other variable was age being above 40 years (p=0.037). Age above 40 years was an independent variable for the one-year recurrence. Patient sex, day of symptoms, associated ear disease, involved ear, type of otolith and affected canal had no statistically significant impact. Conclusion Our data suggested that the number of visit for treatment sessions and age above 40 years were variables associated with the one-year recurrence of BPPV. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2014;57(5):314-9