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Background and Objectives Accurate preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid gland is essential for successful parathyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a localization test for hyperparathyroidism including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) and 99mTc-sestamibi scan. Subjects and Method We studied 47 patients with hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy from January 2003 through December 2010, retrospectively. 99mTc-sestamibi scan, US and CT were carried out as a preoperative localization test and their accuracy were analyzed according to the size, location and pathology of parathyroid lesions. Results The accuracy of 99mTc-sestamibi scan, US and CT were 93%, 77% and 65%, respectively. The accuracy of 99mTc-sestamibi scan and CT combined was 94% and US and CT 73%. The accuracy of combination of US and 99mTc-sestamibi scan was 96%, which was not different depending on size, location and pathology of parathyroid lesions. Conclusion The combination of 99mTc-sestamibi scan and US is the most effective method for preoperative detection and the localization of hyperparathyroidism.

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