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A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) accumulation in the mullet and investigate Cr6+ toxicity using a panel of biomarkers including metallothioneins (MTs), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutases (SODs) for 4 weeks. Cr6+ bioaccumulation in all tissues, except muscle, was consistently time- and dose-dependent. The accumulation of Cr6+ for 4-week exposures was in the following order: kidney ≈ liver > intestine ≈ gill > spleen > muscle. Compared with the control, Cr6+ bioaccumulation was increased in ≥200 μg L−1 groups (P < 0.05). An independent relation was observed between accumulation factors (AFs) and exposure concentration. But AFs increased with exposure time. In the liver and gill, GST and SOD differed from the control at a high Cr6+ concentration at 2 and 4 weeks (P < 0.05). This study indicated that the gills were as sensitive as the liver to Cr6+ toxicity. However, the latter appeared to influence largely on the organism’s adaptive response to Cr6+, since Cr6+ may elevate GSH and MT levels by enhancing the hepatic uptake of metal in the mullet.
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참고문헌 (40)
참고문헌 신청
Amiard JC / 2006 / Metallothioneins in aquatic invertebrates : their role in metal detoxification and their use as biomarkers / Aquat Toxicol 76(2):160~202
Anosike EO / 1991 / Studies on human erythrocytes glutathione-S transferase form HbAA, HbAS and hbSS subject / Biochem Biomed Acta 50:1051~1055
Arillo A / 1998 / Effect of hexavalent chromium on trout mitochondria / Toxicol Lett 44:71~76
Atli G / 2008 / Response of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in a freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following metal exposures / Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 25:33~38
Bradford MM / 1976 / A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding / Anal Biochem 72:248~254
Anosike EO / 1991 / Studies on human erythrocytes glutathione-S transferase form HbAA, HbAS and hbSS subject / Biochem Biomed Acta 50:1051~1055
Arillo A / 1998 / Effect of hexavalent chromium on trout mitochondria / Toxicol Lett 44:71~76
Atli G / 2008 / Response of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in a freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following metal exposures / Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 25:33~38
Bradford MM / 1976 / A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding / Anal Biochem 72:248~254
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