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Purpose This prospective study was designed to verify the technical feasibility of partial breastirradiation in breast cancer patients with small breasts, which are commonly encounteredin Korean women. Materials and MethodsA total of 40 Gy, administered in 10 fractions on consecutive days (one fraction per day),was prescribed to the isocenters of the fields using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT). For all patients, treatment planning and dose parameters strictly adhered tothe constraints set forth in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0319 protocol. This study was designed such that if fewer than five of the first 42 evaluable patients receivedunacceptable scores, the treatment would be considered reproducible. ResultsTen treatment plans (23.8%) were determined to have major variations. There was no majorvariation in planning target volume (PTV) coverage. The ipsilateral and contralateral breastdose limitations were not met in four (9.5%) and four cases (9.5%), respectively. Majorvariations in ipsilateral and contralateral lung dose limitations were observed in two cases(4.8%). Major variations in the heart and thyroid dose limitations were observed in one(2.4%) and one case (2.4%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, a ratio of PTV to ipsilateralbreast volume (PTV/IB) > 0.16 was the only significant factor that statistically affected majorvariations. ConclusionWe concluded that partial breast irradiation using 3-DCRT could not be reproduced inKorean breast cancer patients, particularly small-volumed breast surrogated as PTV/IB> 0.16. The dominant cause was the major variation in surrounding normal breast tissues.

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