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Fluoride has been accepted as an important material fororal health and is widely used to prevent dental caries indentistry. However, its safety is still questioned by some. Autophagy has been implicated in cancer cell survival anddeath, and may play an important role in oral cancer. Thisstudy was undertaken to examine whether sodium fluoride(NaF) modulates autophagy in SCC25 human tonguesquamous cell carcinoma cells. NaF demonstrated anticanceractivity via autophagic and apoptotic cell death. Autophagicvacuoles were detectable using observed to form bymonodansylcadaverine (MDC) and acridine orange (AO). Analysis of NaF-treated SCC25 cells for the presence ofbiochemical markers revealed direct effects on theconversion of LC-3II, degradation of p62/SQSTM1,cleavage formation of ATG5 and Beclin-1, and caspaseactivation. NaF-induced cell death was suppressed by theautophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). NaF-inducedautophagy was confirmed as a pro-death signal in SCC25cells. These results implicate NaF as a novel anticancercompound for oral cancer therapy.

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