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Background: We evaluated the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) on the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in stimulated THP-1 cells, a human monocyte cell line. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the cytotoxic effect of 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), one of natural PPAR-γ ligands, using commercial cell proliferation assay. Cells were pretreated with 15d-PGJ2 and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The amount of TNF-α was measured by using commercial ELISA method. NF-κB activation was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results: 15d-PGJ2 showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the tested cells after 4 hr of treatment. Stimulation of cells by LPS or LTA induced TNF-αproduction. TNF-α production was markedly decreased in the cells pretreated with 15d-PGJ2compared to cells treated only with LPS or LTA in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of 15d-PGJ2 reduced LPS or LTA induced NF-κB expression in the nuclear extracts of THP-1 cells. Conclusion: 15d-PGJ2 pretreatment decreased TNF-α production from the THP-1cells stimulated by LPS or LTA, and this assumed to be associated with inhibition of NF-κB activation.

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