목적: 대퇴골 전자하부 및 간부 골절 환자들을 후향적으로 분석하여 bisphosphonate 복용군과 비복용군간의 비전형 대퇴 골절의 빈도, 임상적 및 방사선적 특징의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다.
대상 및 방법: 2001년 8월부터 2011년 10월까지 저에너지 대퇴골 전자하부 및 골간부 골절로 수술한 60세 이상 여자 환자 41명, 44예를 대상으로 bisphophonate를 복용 한 A군(19명, 22예)과 복용 안한 B군(22명, 22예)으로 나누었다. 복용 기간, 전구증상 유무, 방사선 소견을 조사하고, 나이, 골밀도 검사, 골유합 기간, 불유합 유무를 비교 분석하였다.
결과: A군에서 평균 복용 기간 56.8개월(12-132개월), 전구증상 1예, 모두 외측 피질골 비후, 횡적 골절, 내측 피질골 돌출이 관찰되었고, 반대측 피질골 비후 소견 15명(17예)(77.3%)이었다. 나이는 A군 73.2세, B군 78.2세로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P=0.021). 골밀도, 골유합 기간, 불유합 유무는 통계적 유의한 차이가 없었다.
결론: 대퇴골 비정형 골절은 외측 피질골 비후, 내측 피질골 돌출, 횡적 골절의 특징적 소견을 보이며 반대측 피질골 이상 소견을 동반한다. bisphosphonate를 장기복용 중인 골다공증 환자는 비전형 골절에 주의를 기울여야 한다.
Purpose: We attempted to determine the differences in frequency, as well as clinical, radiologic characteristics of atypical femoral fracture between groups of patients who have taken bisphosphonate and those who have not by conduct of a retrospective analysis of patients with low energy subtrochanteric and shaft fractures of the femur.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 44 cases of 41 female patients over 60 years old who underwent surgery due to femoral shaft/subtrochanteric fractures from August 2001 to October 2011. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A, 22 cases in 19 patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment; Group B, 22 cases in 22 patients without a history of bisphosphonate treatment as a control group. We assessed the duration of bisphosphonate treatment, presence of prodromal symptoms, and radiological results, and compared age, BMD results, union period, and nonunion rate between the two groups.
Results: Mean medication period was 56.8 months(12-132 months) and prodromal symptoms were observed in one case. Lateral cortical thickening and transverse fracture with a medial cortical bone beak were observed in all patients of Group A, and contralateral cortical hypertrophy of the femur was noted in 15 patients(17 cases) (77.3%). Mean age was 73.2 years in Group A and 78.2 years in Group B, which showed significant difference (P=0.021), while no difference was observed in BMD, union period, and nonunion rate.
Conclusion: An atypical femoral fracture can occur in the subtrochanteric or shaft of the femur. The typical radiological characteristics of this fracture are lateral cortical thickening and transverse fracture with a medial cortical bone beak and contralateral abnormality of cortical bone. Findings of this study suggest that medical practitioners should be careful of atypical fractures with osteoporosis patients who use prolonged bisphosphonate.