The fact that Caesar wants to become a monarch causes serious disorder in the Roman Republic. This has been the general critical consensus in studies of Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar and it is the reason why the aristocrats decide to kill Caesar in the play. However, with the death of Caesar, the basis of the Republic is weakened, instead of being solidified. With the death of Caesar, the Republic becomes chaotic, because every class of society is immersed in its own interests, not in the public cause. The aristocrats are not following the ideals of the Republic, such as “reason,” “community,” “sharing the public culture,” “friendship” and “courage.” The trial hall is a place in which public culture is shared, but there is no trial in the play and Caesar is cruelly killed in a public place. The public place functions not as a channel for the community’s opinions but as a place where killing and criminal practices are exercised. The killers’ action does not correspond to the aims of the Republic. Furthermore, in the play there is only emulation and competition, not true friendship. The aristocrats kill Caesar because he is not in fact superior to them, and there is no cause for them to be ruled by Caesar. The killing of Caesar is undertaken not for the better of the Republic but to satisfy the aristocrats' desire to prevent the creation of a class higher than their own. A major virtue of the Republic is bravery, but the aristocrats obtain what they want through plots and deception, instead of through courage. The citizens as well fail to ponder what would be advantageous for the Republic. They act only for their economic interests. When the fact that Caesar has decided to give his inheritance to the citizens is revealed, the citizens insist on retaliating against Caesar’s death, saying that the killers of Caesar are traitors. However, just before they learn about Caesar's will, some of them agree with Antonius’s opinion and Brutus’s opinion about the death of Caesar. This shows that what is most important to the citizens is not the future of the Republic nor the arrival of monarchy. What is important to them is their own economic interests. In conclusion, few of the aristocrats and citizens are committed to serving the Republic and the country. Nor does anyone seriously consider the future of the Republic after the death of Caesar. Furthermore, with the death of Caesar, the society enters a more serious crisis. All this suggests that Shakespeare considers neither the Republic system in which citizens and aristocrats play a major role nor the monarchy system to be ideal. The final scene does not show any hint of the future system, which suggests Shakespeare’s agony over the ideal political system.