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Background/Aims: Many parasites induce changes in thelipid profiles of the host. Cholesterol increases the virulenceof Entamoeba histolytica in animal models and in vitroculture. This study aimed to determine, in patients withan amebic liver abscess, the correlation between cholesteroland other features, such as the size and number ofabscesses, standard hematological and serum chemistryprofiles, liver tests, and duration of hospital stay. Methods: Atotal of 108 patients with an amebic liver abscess and 140clinically healthy volunteers were investigated. Cholesteroland triglycerides were measured in the sera. The data frommedical observations and laboratory tests were obtainedfrom the clinical records. Results: A total of 93% of patientswith an amebic liver abscess showed hypocholesterolemianot related to any of the studied parameters. Liver functiontests correlated with the size of the abscess. The mostsevere cases of amebic liver disease or death were foundin patients whose cholesterol levels continued to decreasedespite receiving antiamebic treatment and hospital care. Conclusions: Our results show that the hypocholesterolemiaobserved in patients with an amebic liver abscess is not relatedto any of the clinical and laboratory features analyzed. This is the first study relating hypocholesterolemia to severityof hepatic amebiasis.

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