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Censorship and literature, reorganization of the literary system in the 1960s
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1960년대 검열과 문학, 문학제도의 재구조화

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 대동문화연구 대동문화연구 제74호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2011.1
Pages
99 - 134 (36page)

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Censorship and literature, reorganization of the literary system in the 1960s
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Three political powers dominated the early 1960s in turn through the dramatic way of the revolution and the coup detat. In this period, both the subject and the object of the censorship changed drastically, and the literary system met a radical reorganization. In this paper, we study the censorship and the internal mechanism of the literary world in the 1960s, through which we try to understand the censorship system in the 1960s and clarify its effect on the formation of the literary system. We concentrated on the following three points. First, the literary censorship was studied in the aspects of the laws and the policy on the culture. The study on the involved laws would provide the basis of our research and the policy on the culture must also be studied since its importance grew rapidly after the 5.16 coup detat. Secondly, we paid our attention to the literary organizations in this period. The cultural organizations and the literary bodies worked as internal censors through the liberation, war, and the division. It is necessary to study how they changed in the early 1960s. Thirdly, we examined a few cases of serious slip of the pen, which appeared as a direct result of the literary censorship. We dealt not only the political censorship, but also cultural censorship executed by non-political subjects, in order to complete a full picture on the literary censorship. Through these studies, we conclude that the censorship in the 1960s radically reorganized the literature and the literary system. The 4․19resulted in the collapse of the literary bodies which worked as internal censors and the ideology of the pure literature was injured by a fatal blow. Also the culture policy of the military dictatorship based on mobilization and distribution, deprived the literary bodies of the status of the ideologues. In these changes, we can find the reorganized status of the writers in the capitalized society. The literature in the early 1960s had to grope for its new position through the censorship system.

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