(연구배경 및 목적) 도시 재생에 대한 국내외의 관심이 높아지고 있으며 이와 관련된 도시재생 계획과 활용 연구가 증가하고 있다. 철도폐선부지를 활용한 도시재생은 산업유휴공간을 도심 녹지축으로 개발할 수 있어 도시에 미치는 영향이 매우 크다. 본 연구는 도시재생 대표사례인 미국 뉴욕의 하이라인파크를 대상으로 철도폐선부지를 활용하여 매력 있는 도시재생을 위해 공간디자인에 관한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. (연구방법) 선행연구를 통하여 3항목의 도시재생 요인, 5항목의 물리적 요인, 그리고 4항목의 비물리적 요인을 발굴하여 현장조사하고 공간 만족도에 관한 현지 설문조사를 병행하였다. (결과) 첫째, 공원의 의자, 노면, 조경 등의 시설물은 이 공원이 과거 철도였다는 공간 정체성을 뚜렷하게 표현하고 있었다. 둘째, 공원의 크기, 보행성, 접근성, 조망점, 사인 배치의 물리적 요인들이 적절하게 설계되어 있었다. 셋째, 민간 관리주체의 적극적인 활동과 다양한 프로그램 구성 등의 비물리적인 요인이 뚜렷하게 표현되어 있었다. 넷째, 이용자의 만족도 설문조사 결과 조망, 휴식, 그리고 산책 순으로 높게 나타났다. (결론) 뉴욕 하이라인파크는 조망감, 보행 편의성, 공공시설물 같은 물리적 요인을 우선 고려하였고 자치운영단체의 적극적인 활동 등 비물리적인 요인을 결합시켜 시너지 효과를 높인 것으로 나타났다. 향후 철도폐선부지 등 도시재생 계획 수립 시 물리적인 요인을 기반으로 이용자 만족도를 높이는 비물리적인 요인이 종합적으로 고려되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.
(Background and Purpose) Urban regeneration has attracted domestic and international interest, and the related urban regeneration plans and utilization studies are increasing. In particular, urban regeneration utilizing abolished railway sites is very important as it can help develop an abolished railway site as a greenway axis in the city. However, there is a relative lack of urban regeneration research that focuses on systematic design and user satisfaction. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of a configured space and the user satisfaction of the High Line Park in New York, USA, which is the best case of urban regeneration. We would like to present the implications of these results for the abolished railway site, which can be utilized to create attractive urban spaces. (Method) The focus of our study was the physical space of the High Line Park. We conducted a field survey and a local questionnaire survey. The field survey was conducted with characteristics of three factors; urban regeneration factor, physical factor, and non-physical factor, using an optimized evaluation framework. In particular, physical factors were analyzed in terms of urban design elements, public design elements, architectural elements, accessibility, and aesthetics. In addition, the questionnaire survey included a list of 45 items that asked users about the High Line Park. Statistical analysis of data was performed using frequency analysis and descriptive statistical analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. (Results) First, public facilities, sidewalks, and landscape facilities of The High Line Park showed the spatial identity of railroad in the past in the view of urban regeneration factor. Second, the narrow section of the sidewalk was designed in a speedy manner on foot, but the wide section of the sidewalk emphasized aesthetic elements such as the landscape and the view, which are physical factors. By designing the wide section of the sidewalk with a rhythmical sense, the effect of user collecting appeared at open space. Third, social factors such as the activities of the Park’s self-governing organizations, economic factors such as the operation of brand-specific products, and cultural elements such as public performances and events have been highlighted in view of the importance of non-physical factors. Fourth, as a result of the questionnaire on the purpose of visit, “Watch the view” got 37.3% as the highest score, followed by ”Relax” 29.3% and “Walking” 28%. (Conclusion) The High Line Park, known as the best case of urban regeneration, displays synergistic effects by combining non-physical factors with physical factors such as accessibility, mobility, duration, and a sense of view. Therefore, we suggest the use of space design by combining non-physical factors such as storytelling and user satisfaction with physical factors to achieve high value in the process of urban regeneration of spaces such as the abolished railway site.