국내 기업들은 우수한 인재를 선발하기 위하여 다양한 선발면접을 활용하고 있지만, 지원자를 고객으로 인식하지는 못하고 있다. 선발면접은 면접관과 지원자의 역동적 상호작용이며, 지원자도 면접과 관련한 의사결정을 하고, 면접에 불만을 느낀 지원자는 해당 기업에 유, 무형의 피해를 입힐 수 있다는 점이 간과되어 왔다.본 연구는 마케팅 관점에서 지원자를 고객으로 보고, 지원자가 합리적이고, 공정한 선발면접을 경험하였다고 지각하게 하는 면접관의 행동을 주목하였다. 왜냐하면, 지원자의 선발면접에 대한 긍정적 반응 확보는 선발면접의 행위 주체자인 면접관의 역할이기 때문이다. 지원자의 반응을 증진하는 면접관의 행동은 개인 특성에 따라 다를 것으로 보았다. 면접관의 일반적인 개인특성은 면접관의 면접역량으로 발현되고, 이를 통해 면접관의 지원자에 대한 긍정적 반응 증진행동은 향상될 것으로 보았다. 마지막으로 면접관 간의 상호작용에 관심을 두었으며, 면접관의 대인관계의 상황적 조절효과를 보았다.본 연구는 면접관 교육에 참여한 실무 면접관 146명에게서 자료를 수집하고, 면접관의 자아개념인 자기효능감과 자긍심이 면접관의 지원자에 대한 긍정적 반응 증진행동에 미치는 영향, 면접관 면접역량의 정적인 매개효과, 면접관의 대인관계의 정적인 조절효과를 실증 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 보면, 자긍심이 면접관의 지원자에 대한 긍정적 반응 증진행동에 정적인 영향을 주며, 이러한 영향관계에서 면접역량의 정적인 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 면접관의 대인관계의 조절효과는 가설과 다르게, 부적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 연구의 시사점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.
Korean firms now utilize a various selection tools to select talents, however they seems to have overlooked that applicants could be a possible customer. The selection interview can be viewed as a process of dynamic interaction between Interviewers and applicants. The interviewers should evaluate applicants, and the applicants also engage in a certain decision making process with regard to the Interview. A applicant who dissatisfy the interview may harm the image of the firm, however, Korean firms may pass unnoticed such possible negative effects of the selection interview.Building on the marketing perspective, the main objective of the present study is to examine Interviewers' behaviors which could promote the perception of applicants that they have a reasonable, fair, and well-prepared interview with the interviewers and the organization. We view that the positive and favorable reaction of applicants may be dependent on the behaviors of interviewers who play a leading role in the employment interview. This assumes that the interviewers behaviors, which could foster a favorable reaction of applicant, may vary according to the individual characteristics of Interviewers.To test our hypothesiss, first, we employ general self-efficacy (Bandura, 1977) and organization-based self-esteem (Pierce, Gardner, Cummings, and Dunham, 1989) as the self-concepts of Interviewers. There are many research which focused on applicants' individual characteristics including knowledge, skill, ability, motivation to examine the perception of the applicants (Gilliland, 1993; Hausknecht et al., 2004; Ryan and Ployhart, 2000). however, scant research have examined the influences of interviewers on the perception of applicants (Downs, 1969; Fisher, Ilgen, and Hoyer, 1979; Liden and Parsons, 1986; Rogers and Sincoff, 1978; Rynes and Miller, 1983). The present study regards the employment selection interview as a process of dynamic interaction between interviewers and applicants, and hypothesize that the self-concepts of interviewers may influence on the reaction of the applicants.Second, this study investigates the mediating role of the interviwers' interview competencies in the relationship between self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the interviewers' behaviors promoting positive reactions of applicants. The process variables, that investigate the relationship between the interaction between interviewers and applicants, have received less attention in the previous literature (Chapman, Uggerslev, and Webster, 2003; Chapman and Webster, 2007; Rosse, Miller, and Stecher, 1994; Saks and McCarthy, 2006). This study assumes that the interviewers' self-concepts would have influences on the interview competencies, in turn, the competencies would influence the behaviors of interviewers in the process of the employment selection interview.Third, we examine the moderating role of the quality of the interpersonal relationship in the relationship between the interview competencies and the Interviewers' behaviors promoting positive reactions of applicants. Based on person-in-situation theory (Tett et al., 2003): an Interviewer, who has a better relationship with the other interviewer in a 2 and 1 Interview method (two Interviewers with one applicant) may show effective behaviors utilizing their interview competencies.The survey data was collected from 144 employees of a Korean business group. The results showed that self-esteem is positively related to the interviewer's behaviors which promoting positive reactions of applicants, and the mediating role of the Interview competencies exists. In addition, the moderating role of the interpersonal relationship showed a negative association with the interviewers' behaviors. Based on the findings, academic and practical implications were derived. Several issues and agenda were proposed for future research.