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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
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This paper aims to clarify when the term of Byoin (病院, hospital) was introduced and how its concept was developed in modern Japan. The word “Byoin” was introduced in Japan in 1787 for the first time, but it had not been in use until early 1860s. Instead, various medical institutions performing the functions of modern medical facilities, such as Yojosho (養生所, A place for preserving health), Shijuku (私塾, private school), called by traditional names as ever. Japanese intellectuals already adopted the word Byoin and the concept of western hospital in early 1860s when their national delegates were dispatched to Europe to revise the treaties forged with western powers. Japanese translations of hospital appeared in English-Japanese/Japanese-English dictionaries published in the 1860s. For instance, the word Byoin (hospital in Japanese) was first published in a dictionary published in 1867 and unclearly connected to the words, hospital, infirmary.
This paper will argue that the concept of Byoin was sophisticated through Meiji government"s efforts to implement reforms distinguishing medical facilities based on their capacity of inpatients and quality. The first medical law (醫制, Isei) proclaimed by the Meiji government in 1874 articulated regulations for a hospital in eight different articles. The government established hospitals in various parts of the country, following its newly established modern medical care policies. However, in this process, Iin (醫院, hospital/clinic), another term for “hospital” appeared. Regional differences and financial issues made standardizing the concept of a hospital even more difficult. In response to the widely embedded confusion, the Japanese government made an effort to clarify the concept of a hospital, setting up provisions regarding the size of medical facilities. As a result, the word Byoin finally came to be used for a hospital with more than ten beds, while a clinic with beds below ten was called Shinryojo (診療所, clinic). On the other hand, Iin meant a medical facility less qualified than a hospital since 1933 when Japanese government made a harder restriction on the usage of Byoin.
This paper will argue that the concept of Byoin was sophisticated through Meiji government"s efforts to implement reforms distinguishing medical facilities based on their capacity of inpatients and quality. The first medical law (醫制, Isei) proclaimed by the Meiji government in 1874 articulated regulations for a hospital in eight different articles. The government established hospitals in various parts of the country, following its newly established modern medical care policies. However, in this process, Iin (醫院, hospital/clinic), another term for “hospital” appeared. Regional differences and financial issues made standardizing the concept of a hospital even more difficult. In response to the widely embedded confusion, the Japanese government made an effort to clarify the concept of a hospital, setting up provisions regarding the size of medical facilities. As a result, the word Byoin finally came to be used for a hospital with more than ten beds, while a clinic with beds below ten was called Shinryojo (診療所, clinic). On the other hand, Iin meant a medical facility less qualified than a hospital since 1933 when Japanese government made a harder restriction on the usage of Byoin.
목차
1. 들어가는 말
2. ‘병원’ 용어의 사용
3. 법률제정과 ‘병원’의 개념 형성
4. 맺음말
〈참고문헌〉
Abstract
참고문헌 (55)
참고문헌 신청
[기타자료] - 內務省衛生局 / 1882 / 『衛生局年報』 第八次報告, 1882-1883년
[기타자료] - / 1869 / 山口藩常備兵上京ニ関シ処置方ヲ候ス / 日本國立公文書館(太 00108100)
[기타자료] - / 1874 / 長崎仮病院規則撰定ノ儀 / 內閣-單行書-處蕃書類, 日本國立公文書館(単00663100)
[기타자료] - / 1880 / 付屬醫院及附屬病院ノ事 / 內閣-記錄材料-記錄材料•東京大學第一年報, 日本國立公文書館(記01530100)
[기타자료] - / 1882 / 第一医院脚気病室監督申報附表一 / 內閣-記錄材料-記錄材料•東京大學第二年報, 日本國立公文書館(記01531100)
[기타자료] - / 1869 / 山口藩常備兵上京ニ関シ処置方ヲ候ス / 日本國立公文書館(太 00108100)
[기타자료] - / 1874 / 長崎仮病院規則撰定ノ儀 / 內閣-單行書-處蕃書類, 日本國立公文書館(単00663100)
[기타자료] - / 1880 / 付屬醫院及附屬病院ノ事 / 內閣-記錄材料-記錄材料•東京大學第一年報, 日本國立公文書館(記01530100)
[기타자료] - / 1882 / 第一医院脚気病室監督申報附表一 / 內閣-記錄材料-記錄材料•東京大學第二年報, 日本國立公文書館(記01531100)
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2018-510-000898446