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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Hearan Koo (Seoul National University) Yusuke Hayashi (Musashi University) Dingjun Weng (Shanghai University) Jingqian Bi (Ludong University)
저널정보
서울대학교 사회발전연구소 Journal of Asian Sociology DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3
발행연도
2016.12
수록면
439 - 465 (27page)

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This paper aims to examine a pattern of recent changes in occupational structure across Tokyo, Shanghai, and Seoul. We address the following questions; 1) considering different stages of economy in three countries, do employment structures in Seoul, Tokyo, and Shanghai show different patterns, corresponding to the economic development stage? 2) to what extent are employment structures in the three cities polarizing, or upgrading?, and 3) who fills newly created jobs? Are there any socio-demographic patterns in the distribution of employment gains? We particularly focus on the relationship between (de)industrialization and occupational transformation. The results demonstrate that deindustrialization tends to have similar polarization effects in Tokyo and Seoul, considering the decline in manufacturing workers and concomitant loss of middle income jobs. The job polarization has deepened in Tokyo due to its more mature industrial structure. Seoul has yet to reach the same level of occupational disparity, but shows a sign of polarized upgrading with strong job growth at the top of the occupational hierarchy and weak growth at the bottom. In Shanghai, newly created jobs are mainly concentrated in the mid to high income ranges, indicating the predominant upgrading in Shanghai’s occupational structure. We find unequal distribution of jobs in all three cities, although disadvantaged groups differ across cities. We end this paper with several concluding remarks.

목차

Introduction
Deindustrialization and Key Features of Three Countries
Labor Market Characteristics in Three Cities
Patterns of Employment Shifts and Workforce Characteristics
Concluding Remarks
Reference

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