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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
언어과학회 언어과학연구 언어과학연구 제17집
발행연도
2000.6
수록면
225 - 250 (26page)

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초록· 키워드

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The present study describes the lexical meaning of Middle, Modern Korean, especially focusing the semantic change and the synonymic relation between lexeme 「어리다」 and 「졈다」. The search for individual words is believed to contribute for clarifying the general principle of the struggle for life and coexistence applied to vocabulary. 1. 「어리다」, one of 15C Middle Korean, meant "愚(stupid)", not "幼(very youong)". This has never been used to mean "幼" in the examples which have been investigated. Thus 「어리다」, the Middle Korean lexeme, should not be considered as polysemy. 2. 「어리다」has become to mean "幼" since the late Modern Korean. The meaning "幼" has been derived from "愚" due to the existence of motivation between the two. 3. Even in Middle, Modern Korean, lexeme 「졈다」maintained the meaning "若(young)" as in Modern Korean. But it tended to have downward enlargement in those days so that the meaning included the age level "幼". Therefore, in Modern Korean, 「졈다」resulted to have synonymic rivalry with 「어리다」which includes the meaning "幼". 4. In the synonymic rivalry between 「졈다」 and 「어리다」 by "愉", 「어리다」 was in superior ascendancy. Thus in the final of this competing, the meaning "幼" has been eliminated form 「졈다」, and 「어리다」 has been altered in its meaning as a whole word of "幼". 5. The age tended to have binary system until 「어리다」came to mean "幼". That is , it was just divided into 「졈다」 and 「늙다」with no classification between "幼" and "若". Afterward 「어리다」divided it into trisective system, 「幼/若/老」. 6. The semantic change of 「어리다」 shows the process of "愚">"愚", "幼">"幼", from monosemy to polysemy and reversly from polysemy to monosemy. 「어리셕다」 which was newly derived from 「어리다」 played the role of the disappeared meaning of "愚". 7. The semantic change of 「졈다」 is the change to monosemy of polysemy ("幼", "若">"若"). This is the products of synonymic rivalry with 「어리다」. 8. Generally, the lexeme with polysemy shows the mechanical ecology to be changed to monosemy. This seems to be caused by the desire of reducing the functional yield which polysemy has. Therefore, when a meaning of polysemy undergoes synonymic rivalry with other lexeme, it is common that it induces a direction change accompanying the transferred meaning by either losing its meaning due to retrogression or generating another new lexical form in the case of monosemy in its rivalry word.

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-700-002565857