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How can we define Korean object: a typological perspective, focusing on transitivity of predicates
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국어의 목적어를 어떻게 정의해야 하는가? : 유형론의 관점, 서술어의 타동성에 의한 목적어 정의

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Academic journal
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Journal
The Association For Korean Linguistics Korean Linguistics Vol.68 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2015.8
Pages
271 - 305 (35page)

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How can we define Korean object: a typological perspective, focusing on transitivity of predicates
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The purpose of this paper is to define Korean object in terms of semantic features of transitivity that a predicate has, expecially based on generalized argument roles such as {O}, or {T} in linguistic typology. It is well acknowledged among Korean scholars that Korean object is difficult to define directly by formal approaches. This is because the object can realize without object case marker, and sometimes occur with particles like NUN(topic), MAN(``only``), TO(``also``) etc., that have their own semantic meanings. To define Korean object this way, we in this paper provide with typologically prevailed definition which was originated from Comrie(1978), and Dixon(1979), where object is defined by numerical valence and generalized argument roles. Following to them, Korean case follows Nominative-Accusative case frame where {S} of intransitive verbs and {A} of transitive verbs are marked the same. To make it further, we, based on corpus data, define Korean object as {O, T}. {O} means a most-patient-like argument of two place argument transitive verbs, and {T} means a most-patient-like argument of three place argument transitive verbs respectively. However, the definition like above could also have subsequent problems left out. For instance, because we did not define Korean object in terms of case marker LUL, it is natural consequence to answer what kind of functions or meanings that object marker LUL have, and how many types of transitive predicate are there in Korean. To answer it, we have examined the notion of transitivity of Hopper & Thompson(1980). By thorough verification over related corpus data, we conclude that Korean object case marker LUL is not a case assigner but a transitivity marker meaning like {A}`s activity, {O}`s affectedness, kinesis, volition, telic aspect that are internalized in each and every transitive predicate. Besides it, Korean LUL can also occur with NPs and Adjunct that have semantic features like definitive, or specificity.
#목적어 #보어 #목적격조사 #보격조사 #타동성 #의미역 #논항 #object #complement #object case marker #complement case marker #transitivity #semantic roles #argument

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