지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Speaking styles tend to have an influence on spectral characteristics of produced speech. There are not many studies on the spectral characteristics of speech because of complicated processing of too much spectral data. The purpose of this study was to examine spectral characteristics and formant bandwidths of English vowels produced by nine American males with different speaking styles: clear or conversational styles; high- or low-pitched voices. Praat was used to collect pitch-corrected long-term averaged spectra and bandwidths of the first two formants of eleven vowels in the speaking styles. Results showed that the spectral characteristics of the vowels varied systematically according to the speaking styles. The clear speech showed higher spectral energy of the vowels than that of the conversational speech while the high-pitched voice did the same over the low-pitched voice. In addition, front and back vowel groups showed different spectral characteristics. Secondly, there was no statistically significant difference between B1 and B2 in the speaking styles. B1 was generally lower than B2 when reflecting the source spectrum and radiation effect. However, there was a statistically significant difference in B2 between the front and back vowel groups. The author concluded that spectral characteristics reflect speaking styles systematically while bandwidths measured at a few formant frequency points do not reveal style differences properly. Further studies would be desirable to examine how people would evaluate different sets of synthetic vowels with spectral characteristics or with bandwidths modified.
목차
ABSTRACT
1. 서론
2. 이론적 배경
3. 연구방법
4. 스펙트럼 에너지 분석 결과 및 논의
5. 포먼트 대역값 분석 결과 및 논의
6. 요약 및 결론
참고문헌
참고문헌 (21)
참고문헌 신청
1. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Assman, P. F. / 2000 / Time-varying spectral change in the vowels of children and adults / Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 71 : 975 ~ 989
2. [단행본] - Borden, G. J. / 2003 / Speech science primer: Physiology, acoustics, and perception of speech / Williams and Wilkins
3. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Boersma, P. / / Spectral characteristics of three styles of Croatian folk singing / Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119 (3) : 1805 ~ 1816
4. [단행본] - Fant, G. / 1970 / Acoustic theory of speech production / Mouton
5. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Ferguson, S. H. / 2002 / Vowel intelligibility in clear and conversational speech for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners / Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 112 : 259 ~ 271
2. [단행본] - Borden, G. J. / 2003 / Speech science primer: Physiology, acoustics, and perception of speech / Williams and Wilkins
3. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Boersma, P. / / Spectral characteristics of three styles of Croatian folk singing / Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119 (3) : 1805 ~ 1816
4. [단행본] - Fant, G. / 1970 / Acoustic theory of speech production / Mouton
5. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Ferguson, S. H. / 2002 / Vowel intelligibility in clear and conversational speech for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners / Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 112 : 259 ~ 271
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-700-000968121