조선시대는 궁정문학(宮庭文學)이 발달하여 다양한 작품이 저술되었다. 본고는 그 가운데 여류소설로 작자 미상의 기사문(記事文) 『계축일기(癸丑日記)』, 작자 미상의 전기문(傳記文) 『인현왕후전(仁顯王后傳)』, 혜경궁 홍씨(惠慶宮洪氏)가 지은 회고록『한중록(閑中錄)』을 대상으로 문학적 성격을 다루었다. 궁정문학이 발달한 일본이 평안시대(平安時代)에는 그 대상이 남녀간의 연애(戀愛)가 주제인데 반하여, 조선시대의 그것은 정치적 색깔을 띄고 있는 것이 특징이다.
『계축일기』는 계축년(1613) 광해군(光海君)의‘폐모살제(廢母殺弟)’사건을 피해자인 인목왕후(仁穆王后)의 입장에서 다루었다. 『인현왕후전』은 희빈 장씨(禧嬪張氏)의 정치 작용에 의해 기사년(1689) 숙종(肅宗)의 인현왕후가 폐위되고, 우여곡절을 거쳐 복위되었다가 병사하고, 장씨도 독(毒)이 내려져 죽는 과정을 담고 있다.『 한중록』은 1762년 영조(英祖)의 아들인 사도세자(思悼世子) 가 정치적 희생으로 죽음에 이른 내용을 담고 있다. 이를『계축일기』는 저주와 밀고,『 인현왕후전』은 정부(貞婦)와 열사(烈士),『 한중록』은 조선왕조의 정신분석학 입문으로 성격지었다.
There were various works of court literature which was flourished in Choseon era. Among them, this study dealt with anonymous female report literature of Gyechuk Ilgi (癸丑日記), anonymous biography of Inhyon Wanghujeon (仁顯王后傳), and Queen Hyegyonggung Hong’s reminiscence Hanjunglok (閑中錄), focused on their literary characters. In Heian era when was fully flourished of court literature of Japan, the subject were usually the romance, however, the subject in Choseon were having political characteristics.
Gyechuk Ilgi (癸丑日記) has dealt with the event of “dethronment of the Queen Mother and killing brother”by King Gwanghae in 1613(year of Gyechuk), from the view point of the Queen Mother Inmok who was the victim. Inhyon Wanghujeon (仁顯王后傳) contains the whole political events as follows: In 1689, Queen Inhyon, the wife of King Sukjong, was dethroned by political power of Queen Heebin Jang. After vicissitudes events, Queen Inhyon was reinstated but soon died for disease, and Queen Heebin Jang was punished for life. Hanjunglok (閑中錄) contains a political affair of the death of Prince Sado Seja, a son of King Yeongjo, in 1762, as a sacrifice of political conflict.
This study has analyzed their characters respectively, Gyechuk Ilgi as imprecation and secret inform, Inhyon Wanghujeon as decent wife and patriotic martyr, Hanjunglok as an introduction to psychoanalysis.