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War and Prosperity : An Alternative View on the Chosŏn Dynasty in the 17th Century
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전쟁과 번영 : 17세기 조선을 바라보는 또 다른 관점

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Kim, Sung-Woo (대구한의대학교)
Journal
Yuksabipyungsa Critical Review of History No.107 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2014.5
Pages
142 - 167 (28page)

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War and Prosperity : An Alternative View on the Chosŏn Dynasty in the 17th Century
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While Chos?n society in the 16th century was a period marked by the economic problems of peasants and a population decline, the 17th century was a period of economic prosperity and social revitalization. The critical factor that caused such a sharp difference between the two centuries was the Imjin War (1592-1598). After witnessing rebellions and mutinous acts by peasants during the war, the Chos?n government and bureaucrats were determined to do away with long accumulated social contradictions. The reform policy of the government was based on the Y?min hyusik (Rest with People) policy and focused on measures to implement austerity programs, cut the budget, and lessen tax burdens.
As the government continued to push for reform measures, Chos?n society witnessed improvements in the three major socio-economic indicators of agricultural productivity, economy, and population. Chos?n society managed to return to the pre-war economic conditions of the 1630s, with economic growth continuing until the 1660s. In addition, implementation of the Uniform Land Tax Law (Taedongb?p), profits from the transit of trade between China and Japan, and the minting of sangp"y?ng t"ongbo coins, combined to create desirable conditions for the state"s economy along with accelerated socio-economic growth. However, Chos?n society faced a new challenge in the 1660s due to conspicuous consumption and an indulgence in luxury among the ruling class that resulted in an economic downturn of the commoners. The social divide threatened social stability and the economic progress that had been gained over the past six decades. All this took place during the onset of the Little Ice Age. Chos?n society was devastated from famines, with the Great Ky?ngsin Famine (1670-1671) claiming 1.4 million lives and at least 4 million dying during the Great ?lby?ng Famine (1695-1699).
In the face of social division and famine resulting from the Little Ice Age since the 1670s, the government made diverse efforts to overcome the crisis and the Y?min hyusik policy, the basis of the post-war recovery program, had to undergo modifications. Ultimately, the task of overcoming the crisis was delegated to the monarchy in the 18th century.

Contents

1. 머리말
2. 1630년대 지역 차원의 개간 열풍
3. 정부의 전후 복구 정책: 여민휴식
4. 인구 증가
5. 경제적 번영
6. 또 다른 도전들
Abstract

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2015-900-001551504