Supply Chain Quality Management (SCQM) which has recently received wide interest is a means of gaining competitive advantage by operating inter-organizationally within a firm’s supply chain to improve product and service quality. First, we expand the scope of existing SCQM analyses that focus on the buyer by considering the key processes affecting business outcomes from the supplier’s standpoint. Second, we determine the moderating effect of buyer-supplier relationships in SCQM processes and business performance. We use data drawn from the SCQM model and Quality Collaboration Index for Supply Chain Management (QCI-SCM) developed by the Korean Standards Association, and our results are as follows. First, analyzing the impact of each of the SCQM processes on business performance shows that quality delivery and talent development positively influence performance whereas crisis management does not have significant impact. Second, we examine whether the link between SCQM processes and business outcomes are moderated by buyer-supplier relationships and find the following; the stronger the bond between the buyer and the supplier, the greater the positive impact that quality delivery process, talent development process, and crisis management process have on business outcomes.