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This paper aims to discuss the syntactic category of the hungarian postpositions in a frame of the X‘ theory. Hungarian is a language with a rich case system and postpositional system. Postpositional phrases with spatial meanings exhibit the similar properties to prepositional phrases in other languages, so the hungarian postpositions in general used to be regarded as a corresponding term to prepositions, and to be analyzed as an adpositional category of the syntax.
Diachronically, hungarian postpositional system originated in different classes of words, such as adverbs (tul), verbal particles (at) and participles (fogva, kezdve). They show different morphological and syntactic properties, which can not be identified with the general definition on the prepositions. One type of postpositions can take the personal suffixes without pronominal complement, so called the ‘dressed Ps’(mogott), while members of the other type of postpositions, the naked Ps, are more like particles or adverbial gerunds. The third group of postpositions originated in possessive construction, where the possessum developed into a postposition, which are like nomial phrases with oblique case suffixes(alapjan).
On the other hand, adpositions belong to the category of relation-words, such as articles and conjunctions. The syntactic structure of adpositional phrases is head-initial, while the hungarian postpositional phrases are head-final, so their complement should to be left adjacent to them. Adpositions as a functional category have no reason for the movement of the complement. In this paper, I propose that Hungarian postpositions should not be treated on a pair with prepositions, while postpositional phrases and adverbial phrases behave very similarly: both of them are of syntactic category of Adv.
Diachronically, hungarian postpositional system originated in different classes of words, such as adverbs (tul), verbal particles (at) and participles (fogva, kezdve). They show different morphological and syntactic properties, which can not be identified with the general definition on the prepositions. One type of postpositions can take the personal suffixes without pronominal complement, so called the ‘dressed Ps’(mogott), while members of the other type of postpositions, the naked Ps, are more like particles or adverbial gerunds. The third group of postpositions originated in possessive construction, where the possessum developed into a postposition, which are like nomial phrases with oblique case suffixes(alapjan).
On the other hand, adpositions belong to the category of relation-words, such as articles and conjunctions. The syntactic structure of adpositional phrases is head-initial, while the hungarian postpositional phrases are head-final, so their complement should to be left adjacent to them. Adpositions as a functional category have no reason for the movement of the complement. In this paper, I propose that Hungarian postpositions should not be treated on a pair with prepositions, while postpositional phrases and adverbial phrases behave very similarly: both of them are of syntactic category of Adv.
목차
1. 시작하는 말
2. 헝가리어 후치사의 유형
3. ‘후치사구’의 통사구조
4. 후치사의 통사범주: 부사구 AdvP
5. 끝맺는 말
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〈Abstract〉
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