지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2013.12
- 수록면
- 2 - 8 (7page)
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초록· 키워드
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Objectives Tricalcium phosphate and calcium hydrogenorthophosphate are high production volume chemicals, mainly used as foodstuff additives, pharmaceuticals, lubricants, synthetic resin, and disinfectants. Phosphate has the potential to cause increased algal growth leading to eutrophication in the aquatic environment. However, there is no adequate information available on risk assessment or acute and chronic toxicity. The aim of this research is to evaluate the toxic potential of phosphate compounds in the aquatic environment.
Methods An aquatic toxicity test of phosphate was conducted, and its physico-chemical properties were obtained from a database recommended in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidance manual. An ecotoxicity test using fish, Daphnia, and algae was conducted by the good laboratory practice facility according to the OECD TG guidelines for testing of chemicals, to secure reliable data.
Results The results of the ecotoxicity tests of tricalcium phosphate and calcium hydrogenorthophosphate are as follows: In an acute toxicity test with Oryzias latipes, 96 hr 50% lethal concentration (LC<SUB>50</SUB>) was ＞100 (measured:＞2.14) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞13.5) ㎎/L, respectively. In the Daphnia test, 48 hr 50% effective concentration (EC<SUB>50</SUB>) was ＞100 (measured: ＞5.35) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞2.9) ㎎/L, respectively. In a growth inhibition test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 72 hr EC<SUB>50</SUB> was ＞100 (measured: ＞1.56) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞4.4) ㎎/L, respectively.
Conclusions Based on the results of the ecotoxicity test of phosphate using fish, Daphnia, and algae, L(E)C<SUB>50</SUB> was above 100 ㎎/L (nominal), indicating no toxicity. In general, the total phosphorus concentration including phosphate in rivers and lakes reaches levels of several ppm, suggesting that phosphate has no toxic effects. However, excessive inflow of phosphate into aquatic ecosystems has the potential to cause eutrophication due to algal growth.
Methods An aquatic toxicity test of phosphate was conducted, and its physico-chemical properties were obtained from a database recommended in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidance manual. An ecotoxicity test using fish, Daphnia, and algae was conducted by the good laboratory practice facility according to the OECD TG guidelines for testing of chemicals, to secure reliable data.
Results The results of the ecotoxicity tests of tricalcium phosphate and calcium hydrogenorthophosphate are as follows: In an acute toxicity test with Oryzias latipes, 96 hr 50% lethal concentration (LC<SUB>50</SUB>) was ＞100 (measured:＞2.14) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞13.5) ㎎/L, respectively. In the Daphnia test, 48 hr 50% effective concentration (EC<SUB>50</SUB>) was ＞100 (measured: ＞5.35) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞2.9) ㎎/L, respectively. In a growth inhibition test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 72 hr EC<SUB>50</SUB> was ＞100 (measured: ＞1.56) ㎎/L and ＞100 (measured: ＞4.4) ㎎/L, respectively.
Conclusions Based on the results of the ecotoxicity test of phosphate using fish, Daphnia, and algae, L(E)C<SUB>50</SUB> was above 100 ㎎/L (nominal), indicating no toxicity. In general, the total phosphorus concentration including phosphate in rivers and lakes reaches levels of several ppm, suggesting that phosphate has no toxic effects. However, excessive inflow of phosphate into aquatic ecosystems has the potential to cause eutrophication due to algal growth.
목차
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
참고문헌 (13)
참고문헌 신청
Ministry of Environment / 2010 / White paper of environment / Ministry of Environment :212~238
Wikipedia / Phosphate
US Environmental Protection Agency / Phosphoric acid; community right-to-know toxic chemical release reporting
US Geological Survey / Eutrophication
Ministry of Environment / 2006 / National inventory of chemicals statistics / Ministry of Environment
Wikipedia / Phosphate
US Environmental Protection Agency / Phosphoric acid; community right-to-know toxic chemical release reporting
US Geological Survey / Eutrophication
Ministry of Environment / 2006 / National inventory of chemicals statistics / Ministry of Environment
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2015-530-001447534