If peripheral nerve injured, nerve fibers distal to the lesion degenerate by the process known as Wallerian degeneration. Wallerian degeneration leads to the removal of axonal and myelin-derived debris, and prepares the environment for regenerating axons grow. To clean up the debris, macrophages are recruited in the injury sites. We investigate the effect of treadmill exercise to macrophages and their biomarker MCP1 expression level. To investigate the recruited macrophage and re-generated degree of nerve, we did immunohistochemistry and real time PCR. Also to investigate the nerve regeneration, we did electromyography(EMG)and electron Micrograph(EM) analysis. We detected that treadmill exercise increase the macrophage numbers and their biomarker MCP1 expression level. Also, it enhance the nerve regenerating signals (cMAP, distal latency and morphological markers etc.). These results demonstrate that aerobic exercise, such as treadmill exercise, enhance the nerve regeneration by induce the wallrian degeneration(recruit the macrophages) in the nerve regeneration mice model.