출애굽 한 이스라엘 백성들에게 하나님은 이스라엘 백성들에게 엄중한 경고의 말씀을 선포하셨다. 그것은 이스라엘 백성들이 약속의 땅에 들어가서 여호와만을 섬기지 않고 우상들을 섬기면, 그것이 이스라엘에게 올가미가 되거나, 그 땅에서 멸절되거나, 쫓겨나서 포로로 잡혀가게 된다는 경고의 말씀들이었다. 특히 신명기역사의 신학적 근거를 제공하고 있는 신명기에 이런 경고의 본문들이 가지고 있는 신학적 기능은 무엇이며, 이런 본문들에 대해서 어떤 해석이 가능한가에 대한 고민을 이 연구는 반영하고 있다고 하겠다. 물론 이런 멸절경고와 연관성이 있어 보이는 내용들이 출애굽기, 레위기, 그리고 민수기에도 있기 때문에, 이 본문들도 비교 분석하기로 한다. 물론 이렇게 포로가 된 이스라엘이 약속의 땅으로 돌아오게 될 것이라는 회복의 내용도 나온다. 이런 경고의 내용은 언제 기록되었는지에 연관되었다고 생각하기 보다는 ‘이스라엘의 대체성’이라는 신학적 주제로 설명될 수 있다는 것을 이 연구는 보여주고 있다.
This study is to analyze the selected texts where the warnings against Israel"s idolatry are pronounced in Exodus-Deuteronomy. Israel was supposed to worship YHWH only when they entered the promised land as she made a covenant with YHWH. If Israel worshipped other gods whom the Canaanites served in the land, in some cases she should be punished with total and quick annihilation in the land. Various texts in Deuteronomy were critically analyzed and compared focusing upon the verbs that were used in each text. The warnings in Exodus-Numbers and in Deuteronomy were separated and compared in order to find out their different tendency. In the former case, serving other gods will be a snare to Israel. Only Lev. 18 says that Israel will be driven out from the land. Therefore, we can assume that the warnings in Exodus-Numbers show no replaceability of Israel except Lev. 18. Typically Israel"s worship of other gods and marriage with the people in Canaan are major reason for YHWH"s annihilation of Israel. Some texts show that the warning was fulfilled in the personal life, that is, a person who worshipped other gods should be put to death. Israel as a community did not perish in the land but individual people perish because of their idolatry. To the contrary, quite a few warnings in Deuteronomy show Israel"s replaceability, that is, Israel is not special but can be replaced by other nations when Israel commits idolatry in the land. The mention of the destruction and the exile do not necessarily mean that the texts were written or redacted in the exilic or post-exilic period. This criterion is very uncertain to decide of the date of the texts. Instead, I have tried to identify the concept of replaceability of Israel in those warning texts. Some warnings show that Israel can be replaced by other nations and the other warnings illustrate that Israel cannot be replaced and is special because her covenant with YHWH.