화교 고향은 몇 세기 이래 중국 해외이민 역사의 산물이다. 이는 집중적으로 근대 이후 중국과 해외 화교 화인의 정치, 경제, 사회 및 문화 발전의 상호작용과 구조를 체현하였다. 화교 고향 관계 (qianoxiang ties)는 이민과 고향의 여러 가지 연계를 나타낼 뿐만 아니라, 또한 중국과 해외 화교 화인(사회)이 화교 고향 관계를 건립하는 역사 과정에서의 동력과 의미도 반영하고 있다. 전통의미에서의 화교 고향은 해외 화교 화인이 혈연과 지연을 기반으로 인정하는 고향이다. 개혁개방 이후, 중국인의 해외 이민 규모와 구조가 변화됨에 따라 화교 고향의 의미도 점차 변화하게 되었다. 특히 중국과 세계(해외 )를 연계하는 중요한 교량과 유대로서의 화교 고향 관계는 글로벌시대 그 정치경제 및 문화적 함의가 다시 발굴되고 발전하고 있다. 화교 고향 관계는 중국과 해외를 연계하는 중요한 사회 자본으로 해석되고 있다. 여러 가지 동력의 작용 하에 중국 정부는 끊임없이 화교 고향 관계를 활용하여 해외와의 연계를 강화하고 있다. 따라서 국가의 소리도 점차 중국과 해외 화교 화인 관계의 구조와 상호 작용에 침투되었다. 대교무(大僑務)라는 이념 하에, 일부 새로운 화교 고향이 중국 각지에서 적극적으로 건설되고 있다. 개혁개방 이후 중국 정부가 화교 고향 관계에 대한 계승과 발전, 특히 새로운 화교 고향의 건설은 현대 중국과 해외 화교 환인 관계 발전의 다양한 배경을 나타내는 동시에, 글로벌 시대 중국 교무 정책의 변화 및 중국이 세계로 나아가고 해외 자원을 통합시켜 경제 및 사회를 발전시키는 독특한 모델도 반영한다. 이러한 모델은 중국과 해외 화인사회에 성공과 재부를 가져다주었지만, 불가피하게 문제와 도전도 야기하였다.
Qiaoxiang, it means homeland of Chinese diaspora in China, which is mainly located in southern part of China and very special in China"s history as large number of people of this land emigrated to abroad, resulting in qiaoxiang has been characteristic of keeping close relations with overseas, qiaoxiang ties, a widely used term in describing the relations between qiaoxiang and overseas Chinese diaspora, has been coined in the field of the study of Chinese diaspora and became a significant factor in the interaction between qiaoxiang and overseas Chinese diaspora. Traditionally, qiaoxiang has been referred to southern provinces of China, mainly including Fujian (Min ?), Guangdong (Yue ?), where people has centuries long history of migrating to Southeast Asian region. As a result, people from Fujian and Guangdong constitutes the majority of the Chinese dispora in Southeast Asian area, and formed qiaoxiang ties linking Fujian & Guangdong with Southeast Asia. Thus, a primitive type of qiaoxiang ties is established on the basis of kin group & family clan and dialect group & cultural links. A lot of research has been done to demonstrate qiaoxiang ties is an important dynamics in promoting social economic development in qiaoxiang in the modern China, especially the avalanche of remittance from diaspora significantly promoted qiaoxiang"s modernization. With the implementation of policies of Reform and Opening to the outside world since 1978, in China, qiaoxiang ties has been revived and exploited by various levels of governments in China after nearly 30 years demonization. Firstly, under the guidance of Export Promotion Strategy sponsored by the central government, four SEZs (Special Economic Zones) have been set up in four famous qiaoxiang areas, including Zhuhai, Shenzhen, Shantou and Xiamen where are the homeland of large number of Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia area and Hongkong as well as Macao, with the purpose to exploit diaspora"s capital, technology and overseas market network to promote the export of industrial products. The success of four SEZs has approved the availability of qiaoxiang ties, which encourage the central and local governments to further utilize diaspora to promote the Reform and Opening policy. As a result, qiaoxiang ties, which is viewed as a available and efficient way integrating overseas sources to promoting China"s economic modernization, has been copied and used widely around the whole China. It is worthy noted that, with the further development of policies of Reform and Opening, a large number of new Chinese diaspora are getting phenomenal around world, and among them there are emerging a large group of scientists and intellectuals in the developed countries, who are viewed as significant dynamics to promote China"s modernization in global era, thus, attracting these intellectuals back to China is becoming China"s new strategy in integrating diaspora into China"s development, resulting in the various brain projects launched by the levels of Chinese government. In the new strategy of integrating diaspora, various levels of government are becoming a key role in the re modeling qiaoxiang ties and re shaping the narrative of qiaoxiang ties. In conclusion, in today"s China, Chinese diaspora discourse is becoming heated and spreads into political, economic and cultural spheres, which demonstrates Chinese diaspora is being increasingly integrated in China"s socio economic development, and even being considered in the design of China"s foreign policy in the globalization era. Furthermore, qiaoxiang ties, featured with unique Chineseness in cultural dimension, is becoming increasingly an available media linking modernizing China and Overseas Chinese diaspora under the promotion of the all levels of government.