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This article examines frequency changes of ought to in Modern English (1800~present) in the on-line corpus COHA. It is found that the frequency of ought to decreases though time in all sentence types (i.e. positive, negative, and (positive and negative) inversion sentences including interrogatives). Moreover, the frequency of ought followed by a bare-infinitive is examined in COHA and COCA. The ought plus bare-infinitive shows lower frequency than the ought plus to-infinitive in both corpora, but nonassertive sentences (i.e. negative and interrogative sentences) show much higher frequency of bare-infinitives than positive ones: in COHA, for instance, the frequency of bare-infinitives of the negative sentence is over 20 times (103 times in COCA) as high as that of the positive sentence. No significant genre difference is found between the uses of to-infinitives and bare-infinitives. This study claims that the use of bare-infinitives with ought is not a novel construction introduced in Modern English but was used from the Middle English period onward. Its relatively higher frequency in nonassertive sentences is due to the analogy with the usage of the modal verbs need and dare. Finally, the frequency of do-support with ought is examined in COHA. While it has very low frequency and is still considered dialectic, vulgar and colloquial, its use is linguistically significant in that it is newly introduced in Modern English and exhibits a degrammaticalization phenomenon.
목차
I. 서론
II. 통사적 특성
III. 최근 변화
IV. 역사적 변화 설명
V. 결론
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2014-840-000811517