지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Currently the medicalization of childbirth in Korea has been nearly achieved. The medicalization of childbirth in Korea is featured by the progress focused on improvement of the access to medical service within short term of about 40 years. In this study the medicalization in Korea is to be examined on the basis of three axes - medicine, state, and women.
The findings of this study are as follows;
First, it was found that obstetricians had tried to medicalize the childbirth practice in Korea so that they might prepare for scientific knowledge, introduce the cutting-edge reproductive technology, establish the identity as expert, and exclude the midwife as competitor. It enabled to establish the obstetrics, control the pregnancy and childbirth by obstetrician, and gain the position as professions.
Second, women made a greater point of maternal role than gaining of their reproductive rights. They would like to secure childbirth of healthy and normal baby regardless of restriction of their rights and tend to select specialized medical management and medical experts rather than traditional pregnancy and delivery practice. The social reasons of their selection were the strengthening of value of science and technology in modernization process, the lack of women’s interconnection by urbanization and family-nuclearized, and the advent of hospital equipped with high-tech facilities and specialized personnel.
Third, national health policy also recognized women as the subject with maternal responsibility for quantitative control and qualitative improvement of population. The government promoted a public health policy for the medicalization of childbirth to control birthrate or reduce maternal and infant mortality. And, the government carried out the public health education on the basis of the low-income bracket among rural and urban women or conducted pregnant women and infant registration system. In addition, it promoted enhancement of the approach to the medicalized service by applying delivery to medical insurance. The national public health policy authorized and institutionalized the medical model of childbirth. At the same time, it allowed private medical services to monopolize the childbirth medical service market by supplying formal public services.
Fourth, some women have started to challenge the medicalization of childbirth. Their resistance resulted from the recognition of limit to medical management, distrust on medical personnel, formation of trust on natural healing power, and introduction and establishment of alternative knowledge in childbirth.
Women should do collective action to gain their own reproductive rights. It seems that the establishment of self-help groups and their networking will be the most important.
The findings of this study are as follows;
First, it was found that obstetricians had tried to medicalize the childbirth practice in Korea so that they might prepare for scientific knowledge, introduce the cutting-edge reproductive technology, establish the identity as expert, and exclude the midwife as competitor. It enabled to establish the obstetrics, control the pregnancy and childbirth by obstetrician, and gain the position as professions.
Second, women made a greater point of maternal role than gaining of their reproductive rights. They would like to secure childbirth of healthy and normal baby regardless of restriction of their rights and tend to select specialized medical management and medical experts rather than traditional pregnancy and delivery practice. The social reasons of their selection were the strengthening of value of science and technology in modernization process, the lack of women’s interconnection by urbanization and family-nuclearized, and the advent of hospital equipped with high-tech facilities and specialized personnel.
Third, national health policy also recognized women as the subject with maternal responsibility for quantitative control and qualitative improvement of population. The government promoted a public health policy for the medicalization of childbirth to control birthrate or reduce maternal and infant mortality. And, the government carried out the public health education on the basis of the low-income bracket among rural and urban women or conducted pregnant women and infant registration system. In addition, it promoted enhancement of the approach to the medicalized service by applying delivery to medical insurance. The national public health policy authorized and institutionalized the medical model of childbirth. At the same time, it allowed private medical services to monopolize the childbirth medical service market by supplying formal public services.
Fourth, some women have started to challenge the medicalization of childbirth. Their resistance resulted from the recognition of limit to medical management, distrust on medical personnel, formation of trust on natural healing power, and introduction and establishment of alternative knowledge in childbirth.
Women should do collective action to gain their own reproductive rights. It seems that the establishment of self-help groups and their networking will be the most important.
목차
Ⅰ. 들어가는 말
Ⅱ. 이론적 논의
Ⅲ. 출산의 의료화 과정: 1960-2000
Ⅳ. 나가며
참고문헌
ABSTRACT
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-516-015715024