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The aim of this paper is to describe that the change of tense system effected the change of final ending system in late-Modern Korean. In medieval Korean, the tense system consisted of '-t?-' and ø as the past tense. '-n?-' as the present tense and '-li-' as the future tense. This tense system had changed in Modern Korean from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. A new pre-final ending '-as-' came to represent the past tense instead of '-t? ' and ø and another new pre-final ending ' ges-' substituted for '-li-' referring the future tense. According to these changes, the semantic function of pre-final ending ' n?-' as present tense had been weakened and became re-analyzed as the present tense.
The change of tense system resulted in the change of final ending system. There was a restriction on the connection between pre-final endings, '-t?-'. '-n?-'. '-li-' and conjunctive endings like '-a/?', '-?i' and so on, In addition. these pre-final endings were not able to precede the pre-final ending '-?b/s?b-'. However, new pre-final endings, 'as-' and '-ges-' did not have these restrictions, because they included verb 'is-' in origin. The appearance of new final endings '-a/?', '-?i ' and '-o', which were originated from conjunctive endings '-a/?', '-?i' and pre-final ending '-?b/s?b-', was based on the new tense system, which consists of '-as-'(past), ø(present) and '-ges-'(future).
As pre-final endings, '-as-' and '-ges-' are originated from the cluster which consists of the conjunctive ending and verb 'is-', these endings could connect with the pre-final ending '-n?-' referring the present tense. As the semantic function of '-as-' and '-ges-' had changed from aspect and modality to the past tense and the future tense, the meaning of '-n?-' as present tense were weakened. In consequence of this semantic change, the clusters of endings including '-n?-' as like '-n?-y' and '-?b-n?-y-da' could be re-analyzed as single final endings. '-ne' and '-bnida'.
The change of tense system resulted in the change of final ending system. There was a restriction on the connection between pre-final endings, '-t?-'. '-n?-'. '-li-' and conjunctive endings like '-a/?', '-?i' and so on, In addition. these pre-final endings were not able to precede the pre-final ending '-?b/s?b-'. However, new pre-final endings, 'as-' and '-ges-' did not have these restrictions, because they included verb 'is-' in origin. The appearance of new final endings '-a/?', '-?i ' and '-o', which were originated from conjunctive endings '-a/?', '-?i' and pre-final ending '-?b/s?b-', was based on the new tense system, which consists of '-as-'(past), ø(present) and '-ges-'(future).
As pre-final endings, '-as-' and '-ges-' are originated from the cluster which consists of the conjunctive ending and verb 'is-', these endings could connect with the pre-final ending '-n?-' referring the present tense. As the semantic function of '-as-' and '-ges-' had changed from aspect and modality to the past tense and the future tense, the meaning of '-n?-' as present tense were weakened. In consequence of this semantic change, the clusters of endings including '-n?-' as like '-n?-y' and '-?b-n?-y-da' could be re-analyzed as single final endings. '-ne' and '-bnida'.
목차
1. 들어가며
2. 후기 근대국어의 시제 체계
3. 시제 표현의 변화와 새로운 종결어미의 등장
4. 시제 체계의 변화로 인한 기존 종결형태의 변화
5. 결론
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