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Yeats's later works are composed of a series of antinomies which are defined by rhetoric, form, tone and thematic motifs. If the antinomies such as day and night, life and death, body and soul, earth and heaven were perceived as the universal features of man, nature, and universe, in what way are they deployed in his later poetry? And how are those antinomies connected with "tragic joy" and in what sense can his lyric be called tragic? This essay examines, through the poetic sequence "Vacillation", the basic frame of Yeats's mind that perceives and interprets the world as composed with a series of antinomies and experiences it as tragedy.
In "Vacillation", the antinomies and oppositions develop in a very complex manner within the frame of such figures as "brand" and "flaming breath", "burning leaves" and "green lush foliage moistened with dew". And they are always posited as implying the antinomies of life and death, remorse and joy, body and soul, earthly life and heaven. In the process of vacillating between "extremities", Heart which figures not only the body but the poet himself declines Soul's request to "seek out reality, leaving things that seem." Even though Heart vacillates between antinomies, always looking towards what are opposites to himself, it chooses Homer and his unchristened heart as its example and determines to "live tragically". By opposing the life of a Swordman to that of a Saint, and by receiving Homer as the figural example of his art, Yeats puts the foundation that his lyric should be understood as a tragedy.
According to the system of Yeatsian thought, modem individualism has produced many fragmented individuals by separating man from man and also from tradition. The merely lyrical, which presents the ideal that is separated from its opposites, drives the fragmented individuals towards death, and its fantastic immobility palls upon us. So Yeats seeks, in the process of creating a rhetoric of contrariety, to instil into the very language of his poetry the opposition fundamental to his notion of tragedy. The result is his later lyrics are being raised to the level of tragedy.
In "Vacillation", the antinomies and oppositions develop in a very complex manner within the frame of such figures as "brand" and "flaming breath", "burning leaves" and "green lush foliage moistened with dew". And they are always posited as implying the antinomies of life and death, remorse and joy, body and soul, earthly life and heaven. In the process of vacillating between "extremities", Heart which figures not only the body but the poet himself declines Soul's request to "seek out reality, leaving things that seem." Even though Heart vacillates between antinomies, always looking towards what are opposites to himself, it chooses Homer and his unchristened heart as its example and determines to "live tragically". By opposing the life of a Swordman to that of a Saint, and by receiving Homer as the figural example of his art, Yeats puts the foundation that his lyric should be understood as a tragedy.
According to the system of Yeatsian thought, modem individualism has produced many fragmented individuals by separating man from man and also from tradition. The merely lyrical, which presents the ideal that is separated from its opposites, drives the fragmented individuals towards death, and its fantastic immobility palls upon us. So Yeats seeks, in the process of creating a rhetoric of contrariety, to instil into the very language of his poetry the opposition fundamental to his notion of tragedy. The result is his later lyrics are being raised to the level of tragedy.
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