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The effect of artificial light sources on flower initiation of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum cv. Puma) was examined. The plants were grown until an autonomous flower bud (crown bud) stage in long photoperiods by interrupting the nights with either incandescent, fluorescent, metal halide, or high-pressure sodium lamps. Flower bud initiation advanced and long-day leaf number decreased in high-pressure sodium lamps followed by metal halide, fluorescent, and incandescent lamps. The advancement of flower initiation and decrease of longday leaf number under the fluorescent long-day treatment as compared to the incandescent long-day treatment were attributed to the high red/far-red ratio (6.43) and phytochrome photoequilibrium (?) value (0.84) of the fluorescent lamp. On the other hand, fluorescent, metal halide, and high-pressure sodium lamps had similar levels of ? (0.83 ± 0.01) and blue plus red light composition, but their light intensities varied from 7.3 to 160.6 μ㏖ㆍm?²ㆍs?¹. Therefore, the primary reason for the advanced time to flower initiation under metal halide and high-pressure sodium lamp treatment should be the photon flux density rather than the differences of phytochrome photoequilibrium and spectral distribution.

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Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Literature Cited

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-525-016909463