본 실험은 볍씨를 Dimethoate 液에 浸漬處理하였을 경우 藥劑의 浸透量 및 볍씨의 發芽生理에 미치는 여러가지 要因의 영향을 추정하기 위해 水稻品種 12개를 공시하여 浸漬時間, 濃度 및 溫度에 따르는 藥劑浸透量 그리고 처리에 의한 볍씨의 發芽生理에 미치는 영향에 關하여 실험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) Dimethoate 浸透量은 供試品種에 따라 현저한 差異가 있으며 볍씨 100粒당 藥劑浸透量은 水成>關玉>農光>振興>八達>藤坂5號>水原82號>農林6號>시로가네>新2號>?光>再建의 순서이었고 種子당 藥劑浸透量은 大粒種에서 많았고 小粒種에서 적었으며 1g당 藥劑浸透量은 그와 반대로 小粒種에서 많았다. 藥劑浸透量과 볍씨의 吸水率과의 相關은 γ=+0.35로 낮었다. 2) 藥劑浸透量은 浸漬時間, 濃度 및 溫度에 따라 차이가 있었으며 특히 處理溫度의 영향이 컸다. 0.1% Dimethoate에 48시간 浸漬處理하였을때 볍씨 1g당 약제 침투량은 15℃에서는 0.174㎎, 20℃에서는 0.208㎎ 및 30℃에서는 0.397㎎이었다. 3) Dimethoate 處理가 볍씨의 發芽에 미치는 영향은 品種에 따라 현저한 차이가 있 었는데 發芽沮害度의 순위는 0.1% Dimethoate液에서 24시간 처리의 경우 八達>水原 82號>振興>?光>再建>시로가네>農光>農林6號>新2號>水成>藤坂5號>關玉이 었고 48시간 처리의 경우 振興>藤坂5號>水原82號>八達>農光>再建>新2號>關玉>시로가네>?光>水成>農林6號 이었으며 發芽沮害度와 藥劑浸透量간의 相關은 γ=0.683로 有意하였다. 4) Dimethoate 處理(30℃, 0.2%液에서 24시간)에 의하여 볍씨의 發芽가 억제되었으며 平均發芽速度는 약 2일 지연되었고 그 정도는 品種에 따라 차이가 있었다. 5) 供試品種의 發芽速度와 發芽沮害率과는 正의 相關(γ=+0.78)을 나타내었으며 發芽速度가 빠른 品種에서 發芽沮害率이 낮았고 반대로 發芽速度가 늦은 品種에서 發芽沮害가 심하였다. 6) 供試品種의 化學的組成중 蛋白質이 發芽沮害度와 가장 관계가 깊었는데 蛋白質의 함량이 낮은 品種은 Dimethoate에 의한 發芽沮害가 높은 경향을 보였다. 7) 供試品種의 KOH 崩壞度는 品種間에 현저한 차이가 있었으며 KOH 崩壞度가 큰 品種이 發芽沮害가 심하고 작은 品種은 덜한 경향을 보였다. 또한 KOH 崩壞度와 蛋白質 함량과는 γ=-0.422의 높은 相關을 보였다. 8) 供試品種의 酸素呼吸量은 品種에 따라 현저한 차이가 있었으며 Dimethoate處理(30℃, 0.2%液에서 24시간)에 의하여 볍씨의 呼吸量이 감소 되었다. 9) 酸素呼吸量과 平均發芽所要日數와는 γ=-0.945로 負의 유의한 相關을 보였는데 酸素呼吸量이 많은 品種은 平均發芽所要日數가 짧은 경향을 보였다. 10) 볍씨의 酸素呼吸量과 Dimethoate 處理에 의한 볍씨의 發芽沮害度와는 γ=-0.771의 높은 負의 相關을 보였으며 酸素呼吸量이 많은 品種이 發芽沮害度가 낮고 적은 品種에서는 높았다.
These experiments were conducted to investigate the factors influencing the systemic action of Dimethoate (O,O-dimethyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoylmethyl) phosphorodithioate) to rice seeds and the phytotoxic effects on the seed germination. Dimethoate (Roxion<SUP>(R)</SUP>) 40% emulsion was used. The varieties tested were Jinheung, Nongkwang, Suwon #82, Norin #6, Paltal, Shirogane, Suseong, Pungkwang, Shin #2, Fujisaka #5, Kwanok, and Jaekeun. The permeated Dimethoate was extracted from the treated seeds by chloroform and quantities were determined by Spectrophotometer. The phytotoxicity was evaluated from the effects on the germination of the treated seeds which were kept in an incubator. The oxygen consumption was measured by Warburg Manometer at 30℃ for 60 minutes. Indices of KOH disintegration of seeds and chemical composition of the seeds were also determined. The results obtained were as followings; 1) The amount of permeated Dimethoate in the seeds showed remarkable differences with varieties. The amount of Dimethoate per 100 grains was greater as in the ascending order of Suseong, Kwanok, Nongkwang, Jinheung, Paltal, Fujisaka#5, Suwon#82, Norin#6, Shirogane, Shin#2, Pungkwang and Jaekeun. 2) It was observed that the total amount of Dimethoate in the seeds(㎎./100 grains)were greater among the varieties with large grain than those with small grains, while reverse cases were true in the amount of Dimethoate in a gramme of seeds, probably because of the greater surface areas in a small grains for a gramme weight. 3) There was no significant correlation between the permeated amount of Dimethoate and amount of absorbed water by the seeds when the seeds were treated with 0.1% Dimethoate for 24 and 48 hours. 4) The permeability of Dimethoate to seeds significantly increased in the prolonged soaking periods, higher concentration, and higher temperature. 5) When the seeds were treated with 0.1% Dimethoate for 24 and 48 hours at 15°, 20°, and 30℃, the permeated amount of Dimethoate were increased at higher temperature. It seems to be that the more active penetration of Dimethoate was involved at the higher temperature. 6) The phytotoxic effects of Dimethoate on the seed germination varied with the varieties. An descending order of varietal tolerance of seeds was as followings: Jinheung, Fujisaka#5, Suwon#82, Paltal, Nongkwang, Jaekeun, Shin#2, Kwanok, Shirogane, Pungkwang, Suseong, and Norin#6. 7) There was a positive correlation between the amount of Dimethoate permeated into the seeds(㎎./gram. of seeds) and phytotoxicity of seeds. 8) The phytotoxic effects of Dimethoate showed close correlation with the degree of KOH disintegration of seeds, average germination periods, and oxygen respiration of seeds. 9) It was observed that higher protein contents of the seeds decreased the phytotoxic effects of Dimethoate. 10) Relatively high negative correlation between the degree of KOH disintegration of seeds and crude protein content of the seeds was observed. 11) The average germination period was delayed for about 2 days when the seeds were treated with 0.2% Dimethoate for 24 hours at 30℃. 12) The oxygen consumption of the seeds treated with 0.2% Dimethoate for 24 hours at 30℃ was greatly decreased when compared with that of the normal seeds. 13) The amount of oxygen consumption of the seeds (in 24 hours after 24 hours water soaking)was negatively correlated with the average germination periods of the seeds.