시중에서 수접한 옥수수와 밀 종자에서 각각 26균주, 55균주의 진균을 분리하였다. 그 중 Penicillium은 옥수수에서 9균주, 밀에서 33균주가 분리되었다. 옥수수에서 분리된 Penicillium의 종은 P. chrysogenum(3균주), P. oxalicum(6균주)이였고 밀에서는 P. aurantiogriseum(16균주), P. citrinum(1균주), P. commun(4균주), P. griseofulvum(1균주), P. verruvosum(7균주), P. viridicatum(4균주) 등이 분리되었다. 분리한 Penicillium 균주들의 주요 진균독소 생성능을 조사하기 위하여 yeast extract sucrose 배지에서 배양한 후 배양여액을 chloroform으로 추출하고 TLC와 HPLC 분석을 통하여 순화하였다. 옥수수에서 분리한 9개의 균주 중 P. chrysogenum 2균주가 patulin을, 1균주가 patulin과 citrinin을 생성하였고, P. oxalicum 2균주는 penicillic acid를, 4균주는 penicillic acid와 griseofulvin을 생성하였다. 밀에서 분리한 33개 균주 중에서는 P. aurantiogriseum 6균주가 patulin을, 8균주가 penicillic acid를, 1균주가 patulin과 penicillic acid를 생성하였고, P. citrinum 1균주가 citrinin과 patulin을, P. commun 2균주가 brefeldin A와 patulin을, P. griseorulvum 1균주가 brefeldin A, griseofulvin, patulin을 생성하였다. 또한 P. verrucosum 5균주가 patulin을, 1균주가 penicillic acid를, P. viridicatum 3균주가 penicillic acid를 생성하였다.
A total of 26 and 55 isolates of fungi were isolated from corn and wheat samples collected from different markets in Korea, respectively. The number of Penicillium isolates from corn and wheat was 9 and 33, respectively. The Penicillium species isolated from corn were P. chrysogenum (3 isolates) and P. oxalicum (6 isolates), and from wheat were P. aurantiogriseum (16 isolates), P. citrinum (1 isolate), P. commun (4 isolates), P. griseofulvum (1 isolate), P. verrucosum (7 isolates), and P. viridicatum (4 isolates). Production of major mycotoxins in the yeast extract sucrose medium cultures of Penicillium isolates was analysed. Penicillium cultures were extracted with chloroform and purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among 9 isolates of Penicillium from corn, 2 isolates of P. chrysogenum produced patulin, 1 isolate of the fungus produced patulin and citrinin, 2 isolates of P. oxalicum produced penicillic acid, 4 isolates produced penicillic acid and griseofulvin. Of the 33 isolates of Penicillium from wheat, 6 isolates of P. aurantiogriseum produced patulin, 8 isolates produced penicillic acid, 1 isolate produced patulin and penicillic acid, 1 isolate of P. citrinum produced citrinin and patulin, 2 isolates of P. commun produced brefeldin A and patulin, 1 isolate of P. griseofulvum produced brefeldin A, griseofulvin and patulin. Five isolates of P. verrucosum produced patulin, 1 isolate of the fungus produced penicillic acid, and 3 isolates of P. viridicatum produced penicillic acid.